The Social Processes of Civil War: The Wartime Transformation of Social Networks
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the social processes of civil war—the transformation of social actors, structures, norms, and practices—that sometimes leave enduring legacies for the postwar period. In this article, I explore the changes wrought by six social processes: political mobilization, military socialization, polarization of social identities, militarization of local authority, transformation of gender roles, and fragmentation of the local political economy. Some of these social processes occur in peacetime, but war may radically change their pace, direction, or consequences, with perhaps irreversible effects. I trace the wide variation in these processes during the wars in four countries: Peru, El Salvador, Sri Lanka, and Sierra Leone. I analyze the effects of these processes as transformations in social networks. These processes reconfigure social networks in a variety of ways, creating new networks, dissolving some, and changing the structure of others.
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Transformation of gender roles from conflict may be prone to reversal when fighting ends.
“although the latter may be prone to reversal when fighting ends”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
Armed conflict is associated with military socialization.
“military socialization”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
Armed conflict is associated with loss of generalized trust.
“loss of generalized trust”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
Armed conflict is associated with an increase in sexual and criminal violence.
“including an increase in sexual and criminal violence”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
Armed conflict is associated with polarization of society.
“polarization of society”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
Armed conflict sometimes may foster positive societal change, such as mobilization of civil society and transformation of gender roles.
“conflict sometimes also may foster more positive societal change, such as mobilization of civil society and transformation of gender roles”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
Armed conflict is associated with increased acceptance for use of violence.
“increased acceptance for use of violence”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [162]
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“…for use of violence, military socialization, and polarization of society, but conflict sometimes also may foster more positive societal change, such as mobilization of civil society and transformation of gender roles (although the latter may be prone to reversal when fighting ends) (158–162).”
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- Authors
- Wood, E. J.
- Affiliations
- Santa Fe Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wood, Elisabeth Jean
- ORCID
- Wood, Elisabeth Jean
- Venue
- Annual Review of Political Science
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2008-06-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 539-561
- ISSN
- 1094-2939 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-1577
- OpenAlex
- W2119977277
- Cited by
- 668
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 118 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 5.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Political Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Peacebuilding and International Security
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Conflict, Peace, and Violence in Colombia
- Keywords
- civil war, social networks, political mobilization, military socialization, gender roles, local political economy, postwar legacy, Peru, El Salvador, Sri Lanka, Sierra Leone
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