Fairness GAN: Generating datasets with fairness properties using a generative adversarial network
Abstract
We introduce the Fairness GAN (generative adversarial network), an approach for generating a dataset that is plausibly similar to a given multimedia dataset, but is more fair with respect to protected attributes in decision making. We propose a novel auxiliary classifier GAN that strives for demographic parity or equality of opportunity and show empirical results on several datasets, including the CelebFaces Attributes (CelebA) dataset, the Quick, Draw! dataset, and a dataset of soccer player images and the offenses for which they were called. The proposed formulation is well suited to absorbing unlabeled data; we leverage this to augment the soccer dataset with the much larger CelebA dataset. The methodology tends to improve demographic parity and equality of opportunity while generating plausible images.
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[256] illustrate the use of a GAN with fairness constraints to produce unbiased image datasets.
“[256] illustrate this by using a GAN with fairness constraints to produce łunbiasedž image datasets and [299] have evidenced similar results for structured data.”
From Fairness in machine learning: A survey (2024) · cites this paper as [256]
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- Authors
- Sattigeri, P., Hoffman, S. C., Chenthamarakshan, V., & Varshney, K. R.
- Venue
- IBM Journal of Research and Development
- Publisher
- IBM
- Published
- 2019-07-01
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 4/5
- Pages
- 3:1-3:9
- ISSN
- 0018-8646 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2980688251
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 26.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IBM Journal of Research and Development (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Digital Media Forensic Detection
- Keywords
- generative adversarial networks, algorithmic fairness, synthetic data generation, demographic parity, equal opportunities, protected characteristics, auxiliary classifier, image generation, CelebA, data augmentation, unlabeled data
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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