The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Endometriosis of Abdominal and Pelvic Wall Scars: Multimodality Imaging Findings, Pathologic Correlation, and Radiologic Mimics
Abstract
Implantation of an endometriotic lesion within a pelvic or abdominal wall scar is an uncommon but well-described condition that may be the underlying cause of acute or chronic recurrent abdominal or pelvic pain, especially after cesarean section. Radiologists may not consider scar endometriosis when it is encountered at cross-sectional imaging. Cesarean section scars are the most common site of extraovarian or extrauterine endometriosis. The condition also has been identified in other uterine surgery-related scars and in the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and abdominal and pelvic wall musculature adjacent to these scars. The most plausible cause of scar endometriosis is implantation of endometrial stem cells at the surgical site at the time of uterine surgery. Patients with scar endometriosis may be asymptomatic or present with cyclical pain corresponding to the menstrual cycle. Cross-sectional imaging findings vary from the nonspecific to those suggestive of the diagnosis when combined with clinical history. In particular, the presence of blood products in an anterior abdominal wall mass at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with no other explanation is strongly suggestive of scar endometriosis. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and MR imaging may be used to depict an endometriotic lesion, exclude endometriosis, or provide evidence for an alternative diagnosis.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“While some have studied sonographic features of AWE (5,6,7,8,9,10), the existing literature on CT is limited to case reports, with CT features often described as nonspecific with variable attenuation and enhancement characteristics (4,5,7,8,11).”
From Abdominal wall endometriosis: differentiation from other masses using CT features (2017) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“Abdominal wall scar endometriosis occurs in 1%–2% of women following a cesarean section delivery.”
From Scar endometriosis presenting as a painful abdominal mass (2020) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Preoperatively, it is challenging to differentiate endometriosis from other abdominal masses (diagnostic rate: 20%–50%).[3]”
From Scar endometriosis presenting as a painful abdominal mass (2020) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Scar endometriosis may appear as a hypoechoic lesion with thick echogenic strands, which often overlaps with fibrous lesions.[3]”
From Scar endometriosis presenting as a painful abdominal mass (2020) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are all useful for diagnostic imaging.”
From Extra-pelvic endometriosis: a review. (2020) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“On MRI, the presence of blood components within the abdominal wall mass is suggestive of endometriosis.”
From Extra-pelvic endometriosis: a review. (2020) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“MRI and CT are helpful for clarifying the extent of the lesion, fascia involvement, and the depth of lesion invasion.”
From Extra-pelvic endometriosis: a review. (2020) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“The development of endometriosis after surgical operation is most likely attributed to the spread of endometrial tissue into the surgical wound [5].”
From Giant Abdominal Wall Endometrioma: A Case Report (2021) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Abdominal wall endometrioma typically develops after surgical procedures on the uterus, such as cesarean section.”
From Giant Abdominal Wall Endometrioma: A Case Report (2021) · cites this paper as [5]
Citations
Cites
Endometriosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
Woodward, P. J., Sohaey, R., & Mezzetti, T. P. (2001) · Radiographics · doi:10.1148/radiographics.21.1.g01ja14193 · Cited by 414
Abdominal wall endometriosis: a surgeon's perspective and review of 445 cases
Horton, J. D., DeZee, K. J., Ahnfeldt, E. P., & Wagner, M. (2008) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.07.035 · Cited by 391
Blanco, R. G., Parithivel, V. S., Shah, A. K., Gumbs, M. A., Schein, M., & Gerst, P. H. (2003) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(03)00072-2 · Cited by 377
Diagnosis of endometriosis with imaging: a review
Kinkel, K., Frei, K. A., Balleyguier, C., & Chapron, C. (2006) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-005-2882-y · Cited by 321
Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Clinical Presentation and Imaging Features with Emphasis on Sonography
Hensen, J.-H. J., Van Breda Vriesman, A. C., & Puylaert, J. B. C. M. (2006) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.04.1619 · Cited by 254
Abdominal wall endometrioma; a 10-year experience and brief review of the literature.
Bektaş, H., Bilsel, Y., Sarı, Y. S., Ersöz, F., Koç, O., Deniz, M., Boran, B., & Huq, G. E. (2010) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2010.07.043 · Cited by 171
(1999) · PubMed · Cited by 131
Francica, G., Giardiello, C., Angelone, G., Cristiano, S., Finelli, R., & Tramontano, G. (2003) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.7863/jum.2003.22.10.1041 · Cited by 122
Pelvic endometriosis: MR imaging.
Arrivé, L., Hricak, H., & Martin, M. (1989) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.171.3.2717739 · Cited by 121
Steck, W. D., & Helwig, E. B. (1966) · Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00003081-196606000-00007 · Cited by 112
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Kaunitz A, 1979, Obstet Gynecol, 54, 753
- Khetan N, 1999, Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 81, 255
- Wolf Y, 1996, Am Surg, 62, 1042
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Extra-pelvic endometriosis: a review.
Hirata, T., Koga, K., & Osuga, Y. (2020) · Reproductive Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1002/rmb2.12340 · Cited by 107
Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes for Abdominal Wall Endometriosis
Khan, Z., Zanfagnin, V., El-Nashar, S. A., Famuyide, A. O., Daftary, G. S., & Hopkins, M. R. (2017) · Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2017.01.005 · Cited by 97
Rindos, N. B., & Mansuria, S. (2017) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/ogx.0000000000000399 · Cited by 82
Radiology State-of-the-art Review: Endometriosis Imaging Interpretation and Reporting
VanBuren, W. M., Feldman, M., Shenoy‐Bhangle, A. S., Sakala, M. D., Young, S. W., Chamié, L. P., Giudice, L. C., Hindman, N. M., Tong, A. Y., Rabban, J. T., et al. (2024) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.233482 · Cited by 73
Stejskalová, A., Fincke, V. E., Nowak, M. K., Schmidt, Y., Borrmann, K., von Wahlde, M., Schäfer, S. D., Kiesel, L., Greve, B., & Götte, M. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83645-8 · Cited by 58
Metadata
- Authors
- Gidwaney, R., Badler, R. L., Yam, B. L., Hines, J. J., Alexeeva, V., Donovan, V., & Katz, D. S.
- Affiliations
- Winthrop-University Hospital (US)
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- RadioGraphics
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2031-2043
- ISSN
- 0271-5333 (ISSN-L)
- 1527-1323
- OpenAlex
- W2168474057
- Semantic Scholar
- 29a71db54c322bb44defb4c5390eb9f3f05f00a1
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 9.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Radiographics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- scar endometriosis, abdominal wall endometriosis, cesarean section, postoperative pain, MRI findings, ultrasonography, computed tomography, pathologic correlation
- MeSH terms
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Adult, Cicatrix, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Radiography, Abdominal, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
