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Capacity Fade Mechanisms and Side Reactions in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
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The capacity of a lithium‐ion battery decreases during cycling. This capacity loss or fade occurs due to several different mechanisms which are due to or are associated with unwanted side reactions that occur in these batteries. These reactions occur during overcharge or overdischarge and cause electrolyte decomposition, passive film formation, active material dissolution, and other phenomena. These capacity loss mechanisms are not included in the present lithium‐ion battery mathematical models available in the open literature. Consequently, these models cannot be used to predict cell performance during cycling and under abuse conditions. This article presents a review of the current literature on capacity fade mechanisms and attempts to describe the information needed and the directions that may be taken to include these mechanisms in advanced lithium‐ion battery models.
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“During over-discharging, the anode potential increases abnormally which leads to the anodic dissolution of the copper (Cu) current collector and formation of Cu 2+ ions [37].Upon recharging, the reverse reaction can form copper dendrites, which may lead to internal short circuit [38].”
From Data-driven health estimation and lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries: A review (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
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“[7], where they identified various processes contributing to degradation.”
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“Diffusion of Li-ions inside each electrode particle is governed by Fick’s law along the r dimension, while diffusion within the electrolyte is along the x dimension, i.e., @cs;j @t ¼ rr Ds;jrrcs;jð Þ (1) @ce @t ¼ @ @x De;j @ce @x þ 1 t þ ee;jF ie " # (2) with the boundary conditions @cs;j @r 0r; tð Þ ¼ 0 (3) @cs;j @r…”
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Advanced materials for negative electrodes in Li-polymer batteries
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SECONDARY BATTERIES – LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE SYSTEMS – LITHIUM-ION | Aging Mechanisms
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Metadata
- Authors
- Arora, P., White, R. E., & Doyle, M.
- Affiliations
- DuPont (United States) (US)
- ORCID
- White, Ralph E.
- Venue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society
- Publisher
- The Electrochemical Society
- Published
- 1998-10-01
- Volume
- 145
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3647-3667
- ISSN
- 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7111
- OpenAlex
- W2014862314
- Cited by
- 1,408
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 89 · 2019: 96 · 2018: 86 · 2017: 117 · 2016: 87 · 2015: 96 · 2014: 92 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 39
- FWCI
- 47.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society (publishedVersion)
- Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Battery Modeling and Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Keywords
- lithium-ion batteries, capacity fade, capacity loss mechanisms, side reactions, overcharging, overdischarge, electrolyte decomposition, passive film formation, active material dissolution, cycling performance
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