Exercise increases fat oxidation at rest unrelated to changes in energy balance or lipolysis.
Abstract
The hypothesis that exercise increases fat oxidation at rest independently of changes in energy balance, body composition, and/or lipolysis was tested in 21 volunteers. After a period of energy balance, volunteers were randomly allocated to one of four groups: control, overfed (OF), overfed and exercised (OF-EX), and exercised (EX). OF and OF-EX were overfed 50% excess of energy balance calories; OF-EX and EX spent 50% excess of energy balance calories during daily exercise sessions. Exercise increased fat oxidation at rest independently of dietary intake (OF-EX = + 22 +/- 2.4, EX = + 23 +/- 1.5 mg/min) and reduced carbohydrate oxidation (OF-EX = - 49 +/- 6.2, EX = - 46 +/- 5.4 mg/min). Volunteers in the OF group had an increase in carbohydrate oxidation (85 +/- 5.9 mg/min) and a decline in fat oxidation (- 33 +/- 1.4 mg/min). Protein oxidation did not change in any group. These changes occurred without a direct relation with changes in lipolysis and persisted even when expressed as a percentage or as an absolute equivalent of resting metabolic rate in calories. Thus exercise, independent of changes in energy intake and body composition and not related to changes in lipolysis, increases fat oxidation at rest, which may explain the beneficial effects of exercise in weight loss programs.
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Fat oxidation at rest increases in response to exercise, suggesting an improvement in the AT/skeletal muscle axis.
“fat oxidation at rest increases in response to exercise, suggesting an improvement in AT/skeletal muscle axis”
From Effect of Exercise Training on Fat Loss—Energetic Perspectives and the Role of Improved Adipose Tissue Function and Body Fat Distribution (2021) · cites this paper as Calles-Escandón et al., 1996
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- Authors
- Calles-Escandon, J., Goran, M. I., O'Connell, M., Nair, K. S., & Danforth, E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405,USA.
- University of Vermont (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1996-06-01
- Volume
- 270
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- E1009-E1014
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2260778778
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01dk018535-12)
- U.S. Public Health Service (K08 01963)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01-DK-18535, R01-DK-401973)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- physical activity, fat oxidation, resting metabolic rate, energy balance, lipolysis, carbohydrate oxidation, protein oxidation, overfeeding, weight loss, substrate oxidation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Composition, Energy Intake, Diet, Energy Metabolism, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Humans, Lipolysis, Oxidation-Reduction, Rest, Exercise, Carbohydrate Metabolism
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