Mechanisms of calcification: role of collagen, polyphosphates, and phosphatase
Abstract
The nucleating properties of various collagens have been tested by determining quantitatively the minimum ion product, Ca times P, required to form calcium phosphate crystals. While most collagens require a product of 35 (mg%) 2 or greater for calcium phosphate to precipitate, some collagens extracted from tendon induce mineralization at a product of 16 (mg%) 2 . Plasma ultrafiltrate contains one or more substances which increase this minimum ion product, and therefore inhibit calcium phosphate nucleation. These substances are inactivated by alkaline phosphatase. Finally, polyphosphates, both organic and inorganic, are highly inhibitory to calcium phosphate nucleation and precipitation. It is therefore suggested that at least two mechanisms may be necessary for a tissue to mineralize: 1) the formation of a nucleating collagen and 2) the presence of phosphatase for the local destruction of the inhibitor(s) present in plasma.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
At 1 μg phosphorus/mL, polyphosphate seemed to activate calcification in cultured chick embryo femurs.
“However, 1 μg P/mL “seemed to activate calcification,” which was not observed in their previous in vitro studies [6].”
From A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology (2013) · cites this paper as [6]
Polyphosphates are highly inhibitory to calcium phosphate nucleation and precipitation.
“In the skeletal mineralization research community, polyPs are noted to be “highly inhibitory to calcium phosphate nucleation and precipitation” [6].”
From A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology (2013) · cites this paper as [6]
Phosphate concentrations in environmental, intracellular, or extracellular aqueous and calcium-containing environments are too low for spontaneous inorganic formation of a first calcium phosphate mineral from solution.
“Phosphate concentrations in environmental (e.g., marine), intracellular, or extracellular (e.g., osteoid) aqueous and calcium-containing environments are too low for spontaneous, inorganic formation of a first calcium phosphate mineral from solution (nucleation).”
From A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology (2013) · cites this paper as [6]
The concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphate, and hydroxyl ions are not high enough to precipitate spontaneously, and some seeding mechanism seems required to initiate crystallization.
“After describing this low supersaturation state that explains observed bone crystal growth, they continue, “however, the concentrations of these ions are not high enough to precipitate spontaneously. Some seeding mechanism seems required to initiate crystallization ” (referencing [62]).”
From A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology (2013) · cites this paper as [6]
Extracellular fluids are supersaturated with respect to bone mineral, and the concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphate, and hydroxyl ions are sufficiently high to support the growth of bone mineral crystals once initial crystals have formed.
“Fleisch and Neuman [6] noted that “extracellular fluids are supersaturated with respect to bone mineral, and that the concentrations of calcium, Pi, and hydroxyl ions are sufficiently high to support the growth of bone mineral crystals once the initial crystals have formed.””
From A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology (2013) · cites this paper as [6]
Physiological concentrations of calcium and inorganic phosphate are not high enough to induce heterogeneous precipitation on collagen or from solution.
“However, the physiological concentrations of calcium and Pi [68] are not high enough to induce heterogeneous precipitation on collagen [6] or from solution [69].”
From A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology (2013) · cites this paper as [6]
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bisphosphonates: The first 40years
Russell, R. G. G. (2011) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.04.022 · Cited by 1,134 · see citing works
Bisphosphonates: mechanisms of action.
Rodan, G. A., & Fleisch, H. A. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118722 · Cited by 920 · see citing works
Schlemmer, U., Frølich, W., Prieto, R., & Grases, F. (2009) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.200900099 · Cited by 910 · see citing works
Bisphosphonates: from the laboratory to the clinic and back again
Russell, R. G. G., & Rogers, M. J. (1999) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00116-7 · Cited by 830 · see citing works
Fleisch, H. A., Graham, R., Russell, R. G. G., & Francis, M. D. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.165.3899.1262 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Francis, M. D., Graham, R., Russell, R. G. G., & Fleisch, H. A. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.165.3899.1264 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Fleisch, H. A. (1991) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-199142060-00003 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Isolation and Characterization of Calcifying Matrix Vesicles from Epiphyseal Cartilage
Ali, S. Y., Sajdera, S. W., & Anderson, H. C. (1970) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.67.3.1513 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Yahagi, K., Kolodgie, F. D., Lutter, C., Mori, H., Romero, M. E., Finn, A. V., & Virmani, R. (2017) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.116.306256 · Cited by 573 · see citing works
Effect of Pyrophosphate on Hydroxyapatite and Its Implications in Calcium Homeostasis
Fleisch, H. A., Russell, R. G. G., & Straumann, F. (1966) · Nature · doi:10.1038/212901a0 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Bisphosphonates: Mode of Action and Pharmacology
Russell, R. G. G. (2007) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2023h · Cited by 504 · see citing works
The human alkaline phosphatases: What we know and what we don't know
Harris, H. (1990) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0009-8981(90)90031-m · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Mammalian Alkaline Phosphatases: From Biology to Applications in Medicine and Biotechnology
Millán, J. L. (2006) · doi:10.1002/3527608060 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Russell, R. G. G. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1346.041 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
The inhibition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystal growth by polyphosphonates and polyphosphates
Francis, M. D. (1969) · Calcified Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf02058658 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Russell, R. G. G., Mühlbauer, R. C., Bisaz, S., Williams, D. A., & Fleisch, H. A. (1970) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02196199 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Inhibitors and promoters of stone formation
Fleisch, H. A. (1978) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.1978.54 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Glimcher, M. J. (2006) · Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry · doi:10.2138/rmg.2006.64.8 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Fleisch, H. A., Russell, R. G. G., Bisaz, S., Mühlbauer, R. C., & Williams, D. A. (1970) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1970.tb00591.x · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Phosphate-Induced Vascular Calcification
Lomashvili, K. A., Cobbs, S. L., Hennigar, R. A., Hardcastle, K. I., & O'Neill, W. C. (2004) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1097/01.asn.0000128955.83129.9c · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Alkaline phosphatase: a novel treatment target for cardiovascular disease in CKD
Haarhaus, M. L., Brandenburg, V. M., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., Stenvinkel, P., & Magnusson, P. (2017) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.60 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Structure-activity relationships of various bisphosphonates
Shinoda, H., Adamek, G., Felix, R., Fleisch, H. A., Schenk, R., & Hagan, P. (1983) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02405012 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
The pharmacology of bisphosphonates and new insights into their mechanisms of action
Russell, R. G. G., Rogers, M. J., Frith, J. C., Luckman, S. P., Coxon, F. P., Benford, H. L., Croucher, P. I., Shipman, C. M., & Fleisch, H. A. (1999) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650140212 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Mechanism of Calcification: Inhibitory Role of Pyrophosphate
Fleisch, H. A., & Bisaz, S. (1962) · Nature · doi:10.1038/195911a0 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Calcium phosphate formation in vitro
Termine, J. D., Peckauskas, R. A., & Posner, A. S. (1970) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(70)90072-x · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Structure and function of bone collagen fibrils
Katz, E. P., & Li, S. (1973) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(73)90230-1 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Russell, R. G. G., Bisaz, S., Donath, A., Morgan, D. B., & Fleisch, H. A. (1971) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106589 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Inhibitors of the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals in vitro
Robertson, W., Peacock, M., & Nordin, B. E. C. (1973) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0009-8981(73)90114-9 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Calcific deposits in porcine bioprostheses: Structure and pathogenesis
Ferrans, V. J., Boyce, S. W., Billingham, M. E., Jones, M., Ishihara, T., & Roberts, W. C. (1980) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(80)90421-x · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Can biological calcification occur in the presence of pyrophosphate?
Meyer, J. L. (1984) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(84)90356-4 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Relationships between Polyphosphate Chemistry, Biochemistry and Apatite Biomineralization
Omelon, S. J., & Grynpas, M. D. (2008) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr0782527 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Control of Vertebrate Skeletal Mineralization by Polyphosphates
Omelon, S., Georgiou, J., Henneman, Z. J., Wise, L. M., Sukhu, B., Hunt, T., Wynnyckyj, C., Holmyard, D., Bielecki, R., & Grynpas, M. D. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005634 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Mineral induction by immobilized polyanionic proteins
Linde, A., Lussi, A., & Crenshaw, M. A. (1989) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02553763 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
18 Mammalian Alkaline Phosphatases
Fernley, H. N. (1971) · The Enzymes · doi:10.1016/s1874-6047(08)60378-9 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor is an inhibitor of chondrocyte terminal differentiation.
Kato, Y., & Iwamoto, M. (1990) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)39448-7 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Bisphosphonates: A New Class of Drugs in Diseases of Bone and Calcium Metabolism
Fleisch, H. A. (1989) · Recent results in cancer research/Recent Results in Cancer Research · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-83668-8_1 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Calcium phosphate formation in vitro
Termine, J. D., & Posner, A. S. (1970) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(70)90071-8 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Anderson, H. C., & Reynolds, J. J. (1973) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/0012-1606(73)90351-5 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
EXCRETION OF INORGANIC PYROPHOSPHATE IN HYPOPHOSPHATASIA
Russell, R. G. G. (1965) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91422-4 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Montel, G., BONEL, G., Heughebaert, J. C., Trombe, J. C., & Rey, C. C. (1981) · Journal of Crystal Growth · doi:10.1016/0022-0248(81)90057-9 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Influence of pyrophosphate on the transformation of amorphous to crystalline calcium phosphate
Fleisch, H. A., Russell, R. G. G., Bisaz, S., Termine, J. D., & Posner, A. S. (1968) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02279193 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Association of Calcium and Phosphate Ions with Collagen in the Mineralization of Vertebrate Tissues
Landis, W. J., & Jacquet, R. D. (2013) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-013-9725-7 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Diphosphonates: History and mechanisms of action
Fleisch, H. A. (1981) · Metabolic Bone Disease and Related Research · doi:10.1016/0221-8747(81)90044-8 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms on carbonate, phosphate, and silica deposition in the living cell
Degens, E. T. (1976) · Topics in current chemistry · doi:10.1007/bfb0045698 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Cardiac calcification in uremia
Terman, D. S., Alfrey, A. C., Hammond, W. S., Donndelinger, T., Ogden, D. A., & Holmes, J. H. (1971) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(71)90182-3 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Beertsen, W., VandenBos, T., & Everts, V. E. (1999) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/00220345990780060501 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Bohner, M., Lemaître, J., & Ring, T. A. (1996) · Journal of the American Ceramic Society · doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08746.x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Mineralization in osteoblast cultures: A light and electron microscopic study
Ecarot, B., Shepard, N., Charette, G., Grynpas, M. D., & Glorieux, F. H. (1988) · Bone · doi:10.1016/8756-3282(88)90004-x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Chen, T. L., Bates, R. L., Dudley, A. T., Hammonds, R. G., & Amento, E. P. (1991) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650061216 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Inorganic Polyphosphate in Human Osteoblast-like Cells
Leyhausen, G., Lorenz, B. W. J., Zhu, H., Geurtsen, W., Bohnensack, R., Müller, W. E. G., & Schröder, H. C. (1998) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.5.803 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Alkaline phosphatase as a marker of osteoinductive cells
Wlodarski, K. H., & Reddi, A. H. (1986) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02555175 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Ionic and hormonal control of calcium homeostasis
Rasmussen, H. (1971) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(71)90113-6 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
The Primary Calcification in Bones Follows Removal of Decorin and Fusion of Collagen Fibrils
Hoshi, K., Kemmotsu, S., Takeuchi, Y., Amizuka, N., & Ozawa, H. (1999) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.2.273 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Biochemical and Genetic Analysis of ANK in Arthritis and Bone Disease
Gurley, K. A., Reimer, R. J., & Kingsley, D. M. (2006) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/509881 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Ultrastructural and biochemical aspects of matrix vesicle-mediated mineralization
Hasegawa, T., Yamamoto, T., Tsuchiya, E., Hongo, H., Tsuboi, K., Kudo, A., Abe, M., Yoshida, T., Nagai, T., Naznin, K., et al. (2016) · Japanese Dental Science Review · doi:10.1016/j.jdsr.2016.09.002 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Immunolocalization of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase in mice
Hoshi, K., Amizuka, N., Oda, K., Ikehara, Y., & Ozawa, H. (1997) · Histochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1007/s004180050103 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Walser, M. (1962) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci104601 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Prevention by a Diphosphonate of Immobilization “Osteoporosis” in Rats
Fleisch, H. A., Russell, R. G. G., SIMPSON, B., & Mühlbauer, R. C. (1969) · Nature · doi:10.1038/223211a0 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Necessity of Enzymatic Activity of Alkaline Phosphatase for Mineralization of Osteoblastic Cells
Sugawara, Y., Suzuki, K., Koshikawa, M., Ando, M., & Iida, J. (2002) · The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1254/jjp.88.262 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Althoff, J., Quint, P., Krefting, E. R., & H�hling, H. J. (1982) · Histochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1007/bf00496668 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Bisphosphonates—much more than only drugs for bone diseases
Kuźnik, A., Październiok-Holewa, A., Jewuła, P., & Kuźnik, N. (2019) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172773 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
EFFECT OF ORTHOPHOSPHATE ON URINARY PYROPHOSPHATE EXCRETION AND THE PREVENTION OF UROLITHIASIS
Fleisch, H. A., Bisaz, S., & Care, A. D. (1964) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(64)91267-x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Mühlbauer, R. C., Russell, R. G. G., Williams, D. A., & Fleisch, H. A. (1971) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1971.tb00640.x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Characterization of endosteal bone‐lining cells from fatty marrow bone sites in adult beagles
Miller, S. C., Bowman, B. M., Smith, J. M., & Jee, W. S. S. (1980) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.1091980204 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Dent, C. E., & Sutor, D. J. (1971) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(71)92737-1 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Register, T. C., McLean, F. M., Low, M. G., & Wuthier, R. E. (1986) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)67662-8 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Establishment of primary cultures of pulp cells from bovine permanent incisors
Nakashima, M. (1991) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/0003-9969(91)90018-p · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Harrison, G., Shapiro, I. M., & Golub, E. E. (1995) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650100409 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Induction and inhibition of hydroxyapatite formation by rat dentine phosphoprotein in vitro
Lussi, A., Crenshaw, M. A., & Linde, A. (1988) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/0003-9969(88)90124-0 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Kasugai, S., Adachi, M., & Ogura, H. (1988) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/0003-9969(88)90018-0 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Fedarko, N. S., Bianco, P., Vetter, U. K., & Robey, P. G. (1990) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.1041440115 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Aggregation of hydroxyapatite crystals
Hansen, N. M., Felix, R., Bisaz, S., & Fleisch, H. A. (1976) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/0304-4165(76)90150-1 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Nucleation of monosodium urate crystals.
Wilcox, W. R., & Khalaf, A. A. (1975) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.34.4.332 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Bisphosphonates, Old Friends of Bones and New Trends in Clinics
Barbosa, J. S., Paz, F. A. A., & Braga, S. S. (2021) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01292 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Inhibition of Aortic Calcification by means of Pyrophosphate and Polyphosphates
Fleisch, H. A., Schibler, D., Maerki, J., & FROSSARD, I. (1965) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2071300b0 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Pyrophosphatase and ATPase of isolated cartilage matrix vesicles
Felix, R., & Fleisch, H. A. (1977) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02010340 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
A Review of Phosphate Mineral Nucleation in Biology and Geobiology
Omelon, S., Ariganello, M., Bonucci, E., Grynpas, M., & Nanci, A. (2013) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-013-9784-9 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Hsu, H. H. T., & Anderson, H. C. (1977) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/0304-4165(77)90056-3 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The calcification of elastic fiber
Yu, S. Y., & Blumenthal, H. T. (1965) · Journal of Atherosclerosis Research · doi:10.1016/s0368-1319(65)80058-8 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Disaggregation of hydroxyapatite crystals
Bisaz, S., Felix, R., Hansen, N. M., & Fleisch, H. A. (1976) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/0304-4165(76)90151-3 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Fleisch, H. A., & Bisaz, S. (1964) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf02151805 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
CHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE IN VITRO CALCIFICATION OF AORTA
Martin, G. R., Schiffmann, E., Bladen, H. A., & Nylen, M. U. (1963) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.16.2.243 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Phytate Intake, Health and Disease: “Let Thy Food Be Thy Medicine and Medicine Be Thy Food”
Pujol, A., Sanchís, P., Grases, F., & Masmiquel, L. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12010146 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Solubility of Structurally Complicated Materials: II. Bone
Horvath, A. L. (2006) · Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data · doi:10.1063/1.2360606 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Calcification of isolated matrix vesicles and reconstituted vesicles from fetal bovine cartilage.
Hsu, H. H. T., & Anderson, H. C. (1978) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.75.8.3805 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Hoshi, K., Ejiri, S., & Ozawa, H. (2001) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.2.289 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Wang, X., Zhai, W., Wu, C., Ma, B., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., Zhu, Z., & Chang, J. (2015) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.028 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Bioinspired Multi‐Activities 4D Printing Objects: A New Approach Toward Complex Tissue Engineering
Devillard, C. D., Mandon, C. A., Lambert, S. A., Blum, L. J., & Marquette, C. A. (2018) · Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1002/biot.201800098 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Metabolism of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP i )
Russell, R. G. G. (1976) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(197605/06)19:3+ · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Factors affecting the precipitation of calcium phosphatein vitro
Robertson, W. (1973) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02547230 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The influence of phytate and phosphonate on the crystal growth of fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite
Koutsoukos, P. G., Amjad, Z., & Nancollas, G. H. (1981) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(81)90354-4 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Reznikov, N., Hoac, B., Buss, D. J., Addison, W. N., Barros, N. M. T., & McKee, M. D. (2020) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2020.115447 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Mebarek, S., Abousalham, A., Magne, D., Do, L.-D., Bandorowicz‐Pikuła, J., Pikuła, S., & Buchet, R. (2013) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms14035036 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Inorganic pyrophosphate in mitochondrial metabolism
Mansurova, S. E. (1989) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/s0005-2728(89)80078-7 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Müller, W. E. G., Tolba, E., Schröder, H. C., & Wang, X. (2015) · Macromolecular Bioscience · doi:10.1002/mabi.201500100 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Current Concepts of Bone Biomineralization
Ozawa, H., Hoshi, K., & Amizuka, N. (2008) · Journal of Oral Biosciences · doi:10.1016/s1349-0079(08)80014-x · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Viñuela, J., Ferrer, M., & Recio, F. (1991) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Physiology · doi:10.1016/0300-9629(91)90233-3 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
A study of bone proteins which can prevent hydroxyapatite formation
Ménanteau, J., Neuman, W. F., & Neuman, M. W. (1982) · Metabolic Bone Disease and Related Research · doi:10.1016/0221-8747(82)90030-3 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationIsolation of inorganic pyrophosphate from bovine and human teeth
Bisaz, S., Russell, R. G. G., & Fleisch, H. A. (1968) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/0003-9969(68)90146-5 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Relationship of inorganic pyrophosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities in hamster molars
Wöltgens, J. H. M., BONTING, S. L., & Bijvoet, O. L. M. (1970) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/bf02017563 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
- Authors
- Fleish, H., & Neuman, W. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1961-06-01
- Volume
- 200
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1296-1300
- ISSN
- 0002-9513 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2346551411
- Cited by
- 444
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 12.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Keywords
- calcification, collagen, polyphosphate, alkaline phosphatase, calcium phosphate nucleation, mineralization, plasma ultrafiltrate, tendon collagen, organic phosphates, inorganic phosphate
- MeSH terms
- Calcification, Physiologic, Calcinosis, Collagen, Humans, Phosphates, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Polyphosphates
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
