Model of placental glucose consumption and glucose transfer
Abstract
Net ovine uteroplacental glucose consumption (Ro,up) and transfer rates to the fetus (Rf,up) were measured at different concentrations of maternal (GA) and fetal (Ga) arterial plasma glucose that were set and maintained independently by a glucose clamp procedure. Five GA/Ga combinations were studied: 70/15, 70/20, 70/30, 50/14, and 50/24 mg/dl. Rf,up was inversely related to Ga both at GA = 70 and GA = 50. Linear regression analysis of Rf,up vs. Ga for the GA = 70 and GA = 50 groups of observations revealed similar slopes (-0.286 +/- 0.012 vs. -0.217 +/- 0.028 dl.min-1.kg fetus-1) but a significantly higher intercept for the GA = 70 group (10.3 +/- 0.12 vs. 5.5 +/- 0.47 mg.min-1.kg fetus-1). In contrast, Ro,up increased significantly in response to an increase of Ga and had no significant dependence on GA. These results indicate that uteroplacental glucose metabolism occurs primarily in tissues that have direct access to glucose molecules carried by the umbilical circulation and that the glucose transport capacity of the placental barrier is greater on its fetal than its maternal surface. Uteroplacental glucose metabolic rate and its dependence on fetal glucose concentration are major factors that determine the magnitude and variability of the glucose concentration gradient (and thus the rate of net glucose transfer) between maternal and fetal plasma.
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In late gestation once the sheep fetus has developed the capacity for glucogenesis, the placenta can consume glucose from the fetal circulation if the maternal supply is limited or concentration gradients are manipulated experimentally.
“However, in late gestation once the sheep fetus has developed the capacity for glucogenesis, the placenta can consume glucose from the fetal circulation if the maternal supply is limited or concentration gradients are manipulated experimentally (190,194,248).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [248]
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“…physiologic hypoglycemia, include acute hypoglycemia induced by maternal fasting for several days (Fowden and Forhead, 2012, Hay et al., 1984) or prolonged maternal insulin infusions (DiGiacomo and Hay, 1989, DiGiacomo and Hay, 1990, Hay et al., 1990, Rozance et al., 2008, Thorn et al., 2012).”
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Holme, A. M. (2018) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
- Authors
- Hay, W. W., Molina, R. A., DiGiacomo, J. E., & Meschia, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- ORCID
- Hay, W. W.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1990-03-01
- Volume
- 258
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- R569-R577
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W2230255274
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01dk035836-09)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK35836)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-01866, HD-00781)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Keywords
- fetal glucose, maternal blood glucose, glucose clamp, placental barrier, glucose gradient, ovine placenta
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood Glucose, Female, Fetal Blood, Fetus, Glucose, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Oxygen, Placenta, Pregnancy, Sheep, Uterus
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