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Regional changes in muscle mass following 17 weeks of bed rest
Abstract
This work reports on the muscle loss and recovery after 17 wk of continuous bed rest and 8 wk of reambulation in eight normal male volunteers. Muscle changes were assessed by urinary levels of 3-methylhistidine (3-MeH), nitrogen balance, dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and isokinetic muscle performance. The total body lean tissue loss during bed rest calculated from nitrogen balance was 3.9 +/- 2.1 (SD) kg (P < 0.05). Although the total loss is minimal, DPA scans showed that nearly all of the lean tissue loss occurred in the lower limbs. Similarly, MRI muscle volume measurements showed greater percent loss in the limbs relative to the back muscles. MRI, DPA, and nitrogen balance suggest that muscle atrophy continued throughout bed rest with rapid recovery after reambulation. Isokinetic muscle strength decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the thigh and calf with no loss in the arms and with rapid recovery during reambulation. We conclude that there is great variability in the degree and location of muscle loss in bed rest and that the lower limb muscles are primarily affected.
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“LeBlanc et al. reported a total body lean mass loss of 2.6 kg following 119 days of bed rest in healthy young males; of this, 2.4 kg was from the legs (0.14 kg·wk-1) [10].”
From Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“In young, healthy adults subjected to bed rest, the loss of lower body lean mass appears to be on the order of 100-200 g·wk-1.”
From Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Inactivity-induced loss of muscle mass predominantly affects the lower body musculature and is most rapid during the initials days/weeks of inactivity [9-11].”
From Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“In young adults, routine measures such as isokinetic torque and isotonic strength of the knee extensors have typically revealed decreases on the order of 5-6% per week for the first several weeks of bed rest (e.g., 23% after 28 days) [10,11].”
From Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
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Self-citationTHE PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF BED REST
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“Ethics approval The following Research Ethics Boards (REBs) approved this study: Hamilton Integrated REB for St Joseph’s Healthcare, Juravinski ICU, and Hamilton General ICU (14-531); Toronto General Hospital (15-9282); London Health Sciences (107202); St. Michael’s Hospital (15-334); Ottawa General (20150732-01H).”
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BackgroundDoes resistance exercise prevent body fluid changes after a 90-day bed rest?
de Chantemèle, E. J. B., Blanc, S., Pellet, N., Duvareille, M., Ferretti, G., Gauquelin‐Koch, G., Gharib, C., & Custaud, M. (2004) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1121-6 · Cited by 32
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“Lastly, studies has shown that inactivity-induced loss of muscle mass is most rapid during the initials weeks of inactivity (39-41).”
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“Reductions in muscle volume after bed rest contribute to reductions in muscle strength and endurance (Table 1), which include significant decreases in isokinetic muscle strength (61, 129), angle-specific torque (60), and fatigability (98).”
InfluentialThe kidney, volume homeostasis and osmoregulation in space: current perspective and knowledge gaps
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Chapter 3 Nutrition and Muscle Loss in Humans During Spaceflight
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Sarcopenia and Osteoporotic Fractures
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“’’ Similarly, a significant reduction in muscle mass and strength and BMD was reported following bed rest [27, 28].”
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“When stratified into specific muscle groups, hindlimb unloaded rats had increased psoas muscle area and decreased paraspinal muscle area at L4, similar to bed rest studies [2,11,34].”
BackgroundFluid dynamics alter Caenorhabditis elegans body length via TGF-β/DBL-1 neuromuscular signaling
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Nutrition, endocrinology, and body composition during space flight
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Early Changes of Hamstrings Morphology and Contractile Properties during 10 d of Complete Inactivity
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“Possibly, one of the reasons why HS have received relatively little research attention is that nonpostural muscles may be less prone to disuse and atrophy (16) compared with postural muscles, such as the quadriceps muscle group (9,30,31).”
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“Indeed, studies investigating bed rest exposures of longer duration have consistently reported substantial decreases in body mass, mostly as a result of decreases in lower limb lean mass (LeBlanc et al. 1992; Blanc et al. 1998).”
BackgroundTherapeutic Approaches to Skeletal Muscle Repair and Healing
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Abdomen-High Elastic Gradient Compression Garments During Post-Spaceflight Stand Tests
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Adaptation to rotating artificial gravity environments
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“Artificial gravity generated by rotation is a potential way of preventing the adverse consequences of prolonged weightlessness on bone, muscle, and cardio-vascular integrity [1,9,12,20,26,30].”
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on behalf of the STAND-Cph collaborative group, Pedersen, M. M., Petersen, J., Beyer, N., Larsen, H. G.-J., Jensen, P. S., Andersen, O., & Bandholm, T. (2019) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3720-x · Cited by 20
Sensorimotor aspects of high-speed artificial gravity: III. Sensorimotor adaptation
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“Bone mineral loss in space flight is about 1% per month despite the various forms of exercise loading that have been employed, including hours of daily treadmill locomotion with bungee cord loading [28].”
Metadata
- Authors
- LeBlanc, A. D., Schneider, V. S., Evans, H. J., Pientok, C., Rowe, R., & Spector, E.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1992-11-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2172-2178
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2115227363
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5m01rr000350-28)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR-02558, RR-00350, M01RR002558)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- disuse atrophy, bed rest, reambulation, muscle mass, lean tissue loss, lower limb muscles, muscle strength recovery, 3-methylhistidine, nitrogen balance, dual photon absorptiometry, muscle volume
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Atrophy, Body Weight, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Methylhistidines, Middle Aged, Muscles, Nitrogen, Organ Size, Rest, Absorptiometry, Photon
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