Cortical and subcortical control of tongue movement in humans: a functional neuroimaging study using fMRI
Abstract
We have used voluntary tongue contraction to test whether we can image activation of the hypoglossal nuclei within the human brain stem by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Functional images of the whole brain were acquired in eight subjects by using T2-weighted echo planar imaging (blood oxygen level development) every 6.2 s. Sequences of images were acquired during 12 periods of 31-s "isometric" rhythmic tongue contraction alternated with 12 periods of 31-s tongue relaxation. Noise arising from cardiac- and respiratory-related movement was removed either by filtration (high pass; cutoff 120 s) or by inclusion in the statistical analysis as confounding effects of no interest. For the group, tongue contraction was associated with significant signal increases (P < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons) in the sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area, operculum, insula, thalamus, and cerebellum. For the group and for six of eight individuals, significant signal increases were also seen within the medulla (P < 0.001, predefined region of interest with no correction for multiple comparisons); this signal is most likely to reflect neuronal activation associated with the hypoglossal motor nuclei. The data demonstrate that fMRI can be used to detect, simultaneously, the cerebral and brain stem control of tongue movement.
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Bilateral premotor areas are activated during tongue movements.
“Corfield et al. (1999) also identified bilateral premotor areas during tongue movements and Lotze et al. (2000) segregated these effects from the primary motor and sensory cortex activations for lip movements.”
From A review and synthesis of the first 20years of PET and fMRI studies of heard speech, spoken language and reading (2012) · cites this paper as Corfield et al. (1999)
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- Authors
- Corfield, D. R., Murphy, K., Josephs, O., Fink, G. R., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Guz, A., Adams, L., & Turner, R.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1999-05-01
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1468-1477
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W1957059088
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- tongue movement, sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area, operculum, insula, thalamus, cerebellum, medulla, BOLD signal, motor control
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Heart Rate, Hemodynamics, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Cortex, Movement, Muscle Contraction, Tongue, Respiratory Mechanics
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