AMPK activation is fiber type specific in human skeletal muscle: effects of exercise and short-term exercise training
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been extensively studied in whole muscle biopsy samples of humans, yet the fiber type-specific expression and/or activation of AMPK is unknown. We examined basal and exercise AMPK-α Thr 172 phosphorylation and AMPK subunit expression (α 1, α 2, and γ 3) in type I, IIa, and IIx fibers of human skeletal muscle before and after 10 days of exercise training. Before training basal AMPK phosphorylation was greatest in type IIa fibers ( P < 0.05 vs. type I and IIx), while an acute bout of exercise increased AMPK phosphorylation in all fibers ( P < 0.05), with the greatest increase occurring in type IIx fibers. Exercise training significantly increased basal AMPK phosphorylation in all fibers, and the exercise-induced increases were uniformly suppressed compared with pretraining exercise. Expression of AMPK-α 1 and -α 2 was similar between fibers and was not altered by exercise training. However, AMPK-γ 3 was differentially expressed in skeletal muscle fibers (type IIx > type IIa > type I), irrespective of training status. Thus skeletal muscle AMPK phosphorylation and AMPK expression are fiber type specific in humans in the basal state, as well as during exercise. Our findings reveal fiber type-specific differences that have been masked in previous studies examining mixed muscle samples.
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Chronic exercise training increases AMPK protein expression and activity.
“Whilst it has been reported that AMPK activity and protein expression may be reduced in obesity [9,172,173], chronic exercise training increases AMPK protein expression and activity [174].”
From AMPK and Exercise: Glucose Uptake and Insulin Sensitivity (2013) · cites this paper as [174]
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- Authors
- Lee-Young, R. S., Canny, B. J., Myers, D. E., & McConell, G. K.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 283-289
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2171619592
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- AMPK, AMPK phosphorylation, skeletal muscle fiber types, type IIx fibers, type IIA fibers, type I muscle fibers, exercise training, acute exercise, human skeletal muscle
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Phosphorylation, Physical Fitness, Biomarkers, Exercise, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, Young Adult
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