The DOI matches its Crossref record; 66 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intact Ability to Learn Internal Models of Arm Dynamics in Huntington's Disease But Not Cerebellar Degeneration
Open accessAbstract
Two different compensatory mechanisms are engaged when the nervous system senses errors during a reaching movement. First, on-line feedback control mechanisms produce in-flight corrections to reduce errors in the on-going movement. Second, these errors modify the internal model with which the motor plan is transformed into motor commands for the subsequent movements. What are the neural mechanisms of these compensatory systems? In a previous study, we reported that while on-line error correction was disturbed in patients with Huntington's disease (HD), it was largely intact in patients with cerebellar degeneration. Here we altered dynamics of reaching and studied the effect of error in one trial on the motor commands that initiated the subsequent trial. We observed that in patients with cerebellar degeneration, motor commands changed from trial-to-trial by an amount that was comparable to control subjects. However, these changes were random and were uninformed by the error in the preceding trial. In contrast, the change in motor commands of HD patients was strongly related to the error in the preceding trial. This error-dependent change had a sensitivity that was comparable to healthy controls. As a result, HD patients exhibited no significant deficits in adapting to novel arm dynamics, whereas cerebellar subjects were profoundly impaired. These results demonstrate a double dissociation between on-line and trial-to-trial error correction suggesting that these compensatory mechanisms have distinct neural bases that can be differentially affected by disease.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“while the cerebellum seems to provide a substrate for motor adaptation through the updating of a forward model, it is not the case for the striatum (Smith and Shadmehr, 2005; Graybiel, 2008; Seidler et al., 2013).”
From The Forward Model: A Unifying Theory for the Role of the Cerebellum in Motor Control and Sense of Agency (2021) · cites this paper as Smith and Shadmehr, 2005
In the citing paper
“First, patients with cerebellar lesions are impaired in visuomotor rotation tasks (Weiner et al., 1983; Martin et al., 1996; Smith and Shadmehr, 2005; Tseng et al., 2007; Rabe et al., 2009; Werner et al., 2010; Schlerf et al., 2013; Bernard and Seidler, 2013; Burciu et al., 2014).”
From The Forward Model: A Unifying Theory for the Role of the Cerebellum in Motor Control and Sense of Agency (2021) · cites this paper as Smith and Shadmehr, 2005
In the citing paper
“Numerous studies suggest that adaptation is dependent on the cerebellum (Martin et al., 1996a, b; Smith and Shadmehr, 2005; Tseng et al., 2007), a structure unaffected in Parkinson's disease (PD), and therefore initial learning in patients with PD would be expected to proceed as in controls – as indeed was recently demonstrated (Bedard and Sanes, 2011; Marinelli et al., 2009).”
From Rethinking motor learning and savings in adaptation paradigms: model-free memory for successful actions combines with internal models (2011) · cites this paper as Smith and Shadmehr, 2005
In the citing paper
“It appears, therefore, that adaptation is “automatic” – it is an obligate, perhaps reward-indifferent (Mazzoni and Krakauer, 2006), cerebellar-based (Martin et al., 1996a, b; Smith and Shadmehr, 2005; Tseng et al., 2007) learning process that will attempt to”
From Rethinking motor learning and savings in adaptation paradigms: model-free memory for successful actions combines with internal models (2011) · cites this paper as Smith and Shadmehr, 2005
In the citing paper
“Error-based learning is likely to be cerebellar-dependent (Martin et al., 1996a, b; Smith and Shadmehr, 2005; Tseng et al., 2007).”
From Rethinking motor learning and savings in adaptation paradigms: model-free memory for successful actions combines with internal models (2011) · cites this paper as Smith and Shadmehr, 2005
Citations
Cites
A Simple Sequentially Rejective Multiple Test Procedure
(1979) · Scandinavian Journal of Statistics · doi:10.2307/4615733 · Cited by 21,526
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-0626 · Cited by 4,726
An internal model for sensorimotor integration
Wolpert, D. M., Ghahramani, Z., & Jordan, M. I. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7569931 · Cited by 3,553
Optimal feedback control as a theory of motor coordination
Todorov, E., & Jordan, M. I. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn963 · Cited by 3,081
Adaptive representation of dynamics during learning of a motor task
Shadmehr, R., & Mussa-Ivaldi, F. (1994) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-05-03208.1994 · Cited by 2,612
Self-citationA polymorphic DNA marker genetically linked to Huntington's disease
Gusella, J. F., Wexler, N. S., Conneally, P. M., Naylor, S. L., Anderson, M. A., Tanzi, R. E., Watkins, P. C., Ottina, K. A., Wallace, M. R., Sakaguchi, A. Y., et al. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/306234a0 · Cited by 2,340
Forward Models for Physiological Motor Control
Miall, R. C., & Wolpert, D. M. (1996) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/s0893-6080(96)00035-4 · Cited by 2,260
Forward models: supervised learning with a distal teacher
Jordan, M. I., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1992) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog1603_1 · Cited by 1,451
Neural, mechanical, and geometric factors subserving arm posture in humans
Mussa-Ivaldi, F., Hogan, N., & Bizzi, E. (1985) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.05-10-02732.1985 · Cited by 1,173
Learning of action through adaptive combination of motor primitives
Thoroughman, K. A., & Shadmehr, R. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35037588 · Cited by 945
Self-citationMovement imitation with nonlinear dynamical systems in humanoid robots
Ijspeert, A. J., Nakanishi, J., & Stefan Schaal, A. (2003) · Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/robot.2002.1014739 · Cited by 862
Maintaining internal representations: the role of the human superior parietal lobe
Wolpert, D. M., Goodbody, S. J., & Husain, M. (1998) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/2245 · Cited by 745
Functional Stages in the Formation of Human Long-Term Motor Memory
Shadmehr, R., & Brashers-Krug, T. M. (1997) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-01-00409.1997 · Cited by 710
Self-citationA computational model of four regions of the cerebellum based on feedback-error learning
Kawato, M., & Gomi, H. (1992) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/bf00201431 · Cited by 633
Throwing while looking through prisms. I. Focal olivocerebellar lesions impair adaptation
Martin, T. A., Keating, J. G., Goodkin, H. P., Bastian, A. J., & Thach, W. T. (1996) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/119.4.1183 · Cited by 625
Cerebellar ataxia: abnormal control of interaction torques across multiple joints.
Bastian, A. J., Martin, T. A., Keating, J. G., & Thach, W. (1996) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.492 · Cited by 608
Mishkin, M., & Appenzeller, T. (1987) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0687-80 · Cited by 598
Martin, T. A., Keating, J. G., Goodkin, H. P., Bastian, A. J., & Thach, W. T. (1996) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/119.4.1199 · Cited by 585
Donchin, O., Francis, J. T., & Shadmehr, R. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-27-09032.2003 · Cited by 442
Self-citationThe Computational Neurobiology of Reaching and Pointing: A Foundation for Motor Learning
Shadmehr, R., & Wise, S. P. (2004) · Cited by 437
Self-citationLearning to move amid uncertainty
Scheidt, R. A., Dingwell, J. B., & Mussa-Ivaldi, F. A. (2001) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.2.971 · Cited by 411
The Motor System Does Not Learn the Dynamics of the Arm by Rote Memorization of Past Experience
Conditt, M. A., Gandolfo, F., & Mussa-Ivaldi, F. A. (1997) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.1.554 · Cited by 402
Models of Trajectory Formation and Temporal Interaction of Reach and Grasp.
Hoff, B., & Arbib, M. (1993) · Journal of Motor Behavior · doi:10.1080/00222895.1993.9942048 · Cited by 379
Learned dynamics of reaching movements generalize from dominant to nondominant arm.
Criscimagna-Hemminger, S. E., Donchin, O., Gazzaniga, M., & Shadmehr, R. (2003) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00622.2002 · Cited by 364
Self-citationComputational nature of human adaptive control during learning of reaching movements in force fields
Bhushan, N., & Shadmehr, R. (1999) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s004220050543 · Cited by 353
Self-citationMotor disorder in Huntington's disease begins as a dysfunction in error feedback control
Smith, M. A., Brandt, J., & Shadmehr, R. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35000576 · Cited by 352
Self-citationMOTOR LEARNING IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION
Sanes, J. N., Dimitrov, B., & Hallett, M. (1990) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/113.1.103 · Cited by 274
LEARNING ARM KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS
Atkeson, C. G. (1989) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.12.030189.001105 · Cited by 272
Thompson, P. D., Berardelli, A., Rothwell, J. C., Day, B. L., Dick, J., Benecke, R., & MARSDEN, C. D. (1988) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/111.2.223 · Cited by 262
Deficit in classical conditioning in patients with cerebellar degeneration
Topka, H. R., Valls‐Solé, J., Massaquoi, S. G., & Hallett, M. (1993) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/116.4.961 · Cited by 261
Maschke, M., Gomez, C. M., Ebner, T. J., & Konczak, J. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00557.2003 · Cited by 258
Chen, L., Bao, S., Lockard, J. M., Kim, J. K., & Thompson, R. F. (1996) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-08-02829.1996 · Cited by 223
Huntington's disease in venezuela: 7 years of follow‐up on symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals
Penney, J. B., Young, A. B., Shoulson, I., Starosta‐Rubinstein, S., Snodgrass, S. R., Sanchez‐Ramos, J., Ramos‐Arroyo, M. A., Gomez, F., Penchaszadeh, G. K., Alvir, J., et al. (1990) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870050202 · Cited by 218
Petersen, N., Christensen, L. O. D., Morita, H., Sinkjær, T., & Nielsen, J. B. (1998) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.267bf.x · Cited by 193
Cerebellar Ataxia: Torque Deficiency or Torque Mismatch Between Joints?
Bastian, A. J., Zackowski, K. M., & Thach, W. T. (2000) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.3019 · Cited by 181
Evidence for dissociable motor skills in Huntington’s disease patients
Willingham, D. B., & Koroshetz, W. J. (1993) · Psychobiology · doi:10.3758/bf03327132 · Cited by 173
Frontal lobe volume in patients with Huntington's disease
Aylward, E., Anderson, N. B., Bylsma, F., Wagster, M. V., Barta, P. E., Sherr, M., Feeney, J., Davis, A., Rosenblatt, A., Pearlson, G. D., et al. (1998) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.50.1.252 · Cited by 170
Aylward, E., Brandt, J., Codori, A. M., Mangus, R. S., Barta, P. E., & Harris, G. J. (1994) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.44.5.823 · Cited by 168
Multijoint arm movements in cerebellar ataxia:
Topka, H. R., Konczak, J., Schneider, K., Boose, A., & DICHGANS, J. (1998) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s002210050365 · Cited by 155
The measurement of abnormal movement: methods developed for Huntington's disease.
Folstein, S. E., Jensen, B. A., Leigh, R. J., & Folstein, M. F. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 148
IMPAIRMENT OF RAPID MOVEMENT IN HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE
Hefter, H., Hömberg, V., Lange, H. W., & Freund, H. (1987) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/110.3.585 · Cited by 143
Responses of cerebellar Purkinje cells to slip of a hand-held object
Dugas, C., & Smith, A. M. (1992) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1992.67.3.483 · Cited by 141
Ontogenetic Development of Habit and Memory Formation in Primates
Bachevalier, J. (1990) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48906.x · Cited by 140
Long-term adaptation to dynamics of reaching movements: a PET study
Nezafat, R., Shadmehr, R., & Holcomb, H. H. (2001) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s002210100787 · Cited by 140
Self-citationKinesthetic control of a multijoint movement sequence
Cordo, P. J. (1990) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.1.161 · Cited by 129
Manual tracking of visual targets by trained monkeys
Miall, R. C., Weir, D. J., & Stein, J. F. (1986) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(86)90003-3 · Cited by 129
Noth, J., Podoll, K., & Friedemann, H.-H. (1985) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/108.1.65 · Cited by 125
Thilmann, A. F., Schwarz, M., Töpper, R., Fellows, S. J., & Noth, J. (1991) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1991.sp018898 · Cited by 121
Goodkin, H. P., Keating, J. G., Martin, T. A., & Thach, W. T. (1993) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s0317167100048599 · Cited by 120
On-line motor control in patients with Parkinson's disease
Desmurget, M. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh206 · Cited by 105
Harris, G. J., Aylward, E., Peyser, C. E., Pearlson, G. D., Brandt, J., Roberts-Twillie, J. V., Barta, P. E., & Folstein, S. E. (1996) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1996.00550040044013 · Cited by 88
Adaptation and learning in control of voluntary movement by the central nervous system
Kawato, M. (1988) · Advanced Robotics · doi:10.1163/156855389x00127 · Cited by 85
Confirmation of Subtle Motor Changes Among Presymptomatic Carriers of the Huntington Disease Gene
Close, S. L., Siemers, E., Bond, C. E., Conneally, P. M., Christian, J. C., & Foroud, T. (2000) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.57.7.1040 · Cited by 69
Willingham, D. B., Koroshetz, W. J., & Peterson, E. W. (1996) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.10.3.315 · Cited by 64
Motor Changes in Presymptomatic Huntington Disease Gene Carriers
Siemers, E., Foroud, T., Bill, D. J., Sorbel, J., Norton, J. A., Hodes, M. E., Niebler, G. E., Conneally, P. M., & Christian, J. C. (1996) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1996.00550060029011 · Cited by 63
Normal prism adaptation but reduced after‐effect in basal ganglia disorders using a throwing task
Fernández-Ruíz, J., Díaz, R., Hall‐Haro, C., Aragón, P. V., Mischner, J., Núñez, L., Drucker-Colı́n, R., Ochoa, A., & Alonso, M. E. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02785.x · Cited by 63
New Trends and Advanced Techniques in Clinical Neurophysiology
(1990) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-35170-3 · Cited by 61
Absence of frontal somatosensory evoked potentials in Huntington's disease
Töpper, R., Schwarz, M., Podoll, K., Dömges, F., & Noth, J. (1993) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/116.1.87 · Cited by 61
Prism adaptation in Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease.
Paulsen, J. S., Butters, N., Salmon, D. P., Heindel, W. C., & Swenson, M. R. (1993) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.7.1.73 · Cited by 59
Visuomotor adaptation during inactivation of the dentate nucleus
Robertson, E. M., & Miall, R. C. (1999) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199904060-00025 · Cited by 52
Gruñeiro‐Papendieck, L., Chiesa, A. E., Martínez, A. S., Heinrich, J. J., & Bergadá, C. (1998) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000023286 · Cited by 42
Deficits in sensorimotor control during precise hand movements in Huntington's disease
Schwarz, M., Fellows, S. J., Schaffrath, C., & Noth, J. (2001) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00497-1 · Cited by 40
Disturbances of precision grip in Huntington's disease
Fellows, S. J., Schwarz, M., Schaffrath, C., Dömges, F., & Noth, J. (1997) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00264-4 · Cited by 38
Motor responses evoked by magnetic brain stimulation in Huntington's disease
Meyer, B.-U., Noth, J., Lange, H. W., Bischoff, C., Machetanz, J., Weindl, A., Röricht, S., Benecke, R., & Conrad, B. (1992) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials Section · doi:10.1016/0168-5597(92)90133-v · Cited by 35
Long Latency Reflexes of Human Arm Muscles in Health and Disease
Rothwell, J. C. (1990) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-81352-7.50030-3 · Cited by 25
Motor learning and memory for visually guided reaching
Shadmehr, R., & Wise, S. P. (2004) · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Mishkin M, Malamut B, and Bachevalier J.Memories and habits: two neural systems. In:Neurobiology of Learning and Memory,Lynch G.a.M. London: Guilford Press, 1984, 65–77.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Habits, Rituals, and the Evaluative Brain
Graybiel, A. M. (2008) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112851 · Cited by 1,697
Principles of sensorimotor learning
Wolpert, D. M., Diedrichsen, J., & Flanagan, J. R. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3112 · Cited by 1,391
A computational neuroanatomy for motor control
Shadmehr, R., & Krakauer, J. W. (2008) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1280-5 · Cited by 1,187
Self-citationInteracting adaptive processes with different timescales underlie short-term motor learning
Smith, M. A., Ghazizadeh, A., & Shadmehr, R. (2006) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040179 · Cited by 1,113
Self-citationSensory prediction errors drive cerebellum-dependent adaptation of reaching
Tseng, Y.-W., Diedrichsen, J., Krakauer, J. W., Shadmehr, R., & Bastian, A. J. (2007) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00266.2007 · Cited by 883
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, M. A., & Shadmehr, R.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2809-2821
- ISSN
- 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1598
- OpenAlex
- W1988596442
- Cited by
- 497
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 10.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nrs.harvard.edu
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Hereditary Disease Foundation
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS16375, P01NS016375, NS 37422, R01NS037422)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- Huntington's disease, cerebellar degeneration, internal models, arm dynamics, motor adaptation, error correction, motor command, reaching movements, double dissociation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arm, Female, Humans, Huntington Disease, Learning, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Neurological, Motor Activity, Psychomotor Performance, Spinocerebellar Degenerations, Task Performance and Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
