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Cited by 169Dermatology and Skin DiseasesSkin Protection and AgingContact Dermatitis and Allergies

Surface Lipids as Multifunctional Mediators of Skin Responses to Environmental Stimuli

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De Luca, Chiara, Valacchi, Giuseppe·2010·Mediators of Inflammation
DOI 10.1155/2010/321494PMC PMC2963132
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Abstract

Skin surface lipid (SSL) film is a mixture of sebum and keratinocyte membrane lipids, protecting skin from environment. Its composition is unique for the high percentage of long chain fatty acids, and of the polyterpenoid squalene, absent in other human tissues, and in non-human Primates sebum. Here, the still incomplete body of information on SSL as mediators of external chemical, physical, and microbial signals and stressors is revised, focusing on the central event of the continuous oxidative modification induced by the metabolic activity of residential and pathological microbial flora, natural or iatrogenic UV irradiation, exposure to chemicals and cosmetics. Once alpha-tocopherol and ubiquinol-10 antioxidant defences of SSL are overcome, oxidation of squalene and cholesterol gives rise to reactive by-products penetrating deeper into skin layers, to mediate local defensive inflammatory, photo-protective, immune reactions or, at higher concentrations, inducing local but also systemic immune depression, ultimately implicating skin cancerogenesis. Qualitative modifications of SSL represent a pathogenetic sign of diagnostic value in dermatological disorders involving altered sebum production, like pytiriasis versicolor, acne, atopic or seborrheic dermatitis, as well as photo-aging. Achievements of nutriceutical interventions aimed at restoring normal SSL composition and homeostasis are discussed, as feasible therapeutic goals and major means of photo-protection.

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  • Squalene has been proposed as the precursor of highly toxic proinflammatory mediators produced by bacterial lipoperoxidase activity.

    “Squalene in particular has been proposed as the precursor of highly toxic proinflammatory mediators, produced by bacterial lipoperoxidase activity.59”

    From Sebaceous-immunobiology is orchestrated by sebum lipids (2017) · cites this paper as [59]

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Authors
De Luca, C., & Valacchi, G.
Affiliations
  • Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Skin Pathophysiology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI IRCCS), Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
  • University of Siena (IT)
ORCID
Venue
Mediators of Inflammation
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2010
Volume
2010
Pages
1-11
ISSN
  • 0962-9351 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-1861
DOI
10.1155/2010/321494
PMC
PMC2963132
OpenAlex
W1991638083
Cited by
169
References
1
Citations by year
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FWCI
1.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Mediators of Inflammation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
Keywords
skin surface lipids, sebum, squalene, cholesterol oxidation, oxidative modification, alpha-tocopherol, ubiquinol-10, skin microbiome, UV irradiation, photoaging, immune depression, inflammatory skin reactions, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, acne, pityriasis versicolor, nutraceuticals, photoprotection
MeSH terms
Aging, Animals, Cosmetics, Diet, Environment, Humans, Lipids, Skin, Skin Diseases, Squalene, Molecular Structure, Biomarkers, Lipid Metabolism

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