Oxidization of squalene, a human skin lipid: a new and reliable marker of environmental pollution studies
Abstract
Synopsis: A review of the oxidization of squalene, a specific human compound produced by the sebaceous gland, is proposed. Such chemical transformation induces important consequences at various levels. Squalene by‐products, mostly under peroxidized forms, lead to comedogenesis, contribute to the development of inflammatory acne and possibly modify the skin relief (wrinkling). Experimental conditions of oxidation and/or photo‐oxidation mechanisms are exposed, suggesting that they could possibly be bio‐markers of atmospheric pollution upon skin. Ozone, long UVA rays, cigarette smoke… are shown powerful oxidizing agents of squalene. Some in vitro , ex vivo and in vivo testings are proposed as examples, aiming at studying ingredients or products capable of boosting or counteracting such chemical changes that, globally, bring adverse effects to various cutaneous compartments.
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In humans (N=9), higher levels of oxidization of squalene have been reported in sebum experimentally exposed to cigarette smoke.
“In humans (N = 9), higher levels of oxidization of squalene, a human sebum‐specific unsaturated fatty acid, have been reported in sebum experimentally exposed to cigarette smoke45 (Table 3).”
From The impact of airborne pollution on skin (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Pham, D. ‐., Boussouira, B., Moyal, D., & Nguyen, Q. L.
- Affiliations
- L'Oréal (France) (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Pham, D.‐M.
- Venue
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-03-02
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 357-365
- ISSN
- 0142-5463 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2494
- OpenAlex
- W2094651474
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fasa University of Medical Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Keywords
- squalene, lipid oxidation, peroxidation, acne, comedones, skin aging, ozone, UVA, cigarette smoke, photooxidation, skin protection
- MeSH terms
- Environmental Pollution, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Skin, Squalene, Biomarkers, Lipid Metabolism
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