The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.
Associations between Parental Anxiety/Depression and Child Behavior Problems Related to Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Roles of Parenting Stress and Parenting Self-Efficacy
Open accessAbstract
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been shown to experience increases in stress, depression, and anxiety, which are also associated with child behavior problems related to ASDs. Literature-examining potential mechanisms that underlie the relationship of child behavior problems and parental anxiety/depression in this population are scarce. The current study sought to examine the roles of parenting stress and parenting self-efficacy as mediators between child behavior problems and parental anxiety/depression. Using a sample of 134 mothers, these potential mediators were tested. Hypotheses were supported, indicating that parenting stress mediated the relationship between child behavior problems and decreased parenting self-efficacy, and decreased parenting self-efficacy in turn partially mediated the relationship between parenting stress and increased depression/anxiety.
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“It is well known that parental competence and problem-solving skills are influenced by the disruptive behavior of their kids [47,48].”
From The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy for improving psychological well‐being in parents of individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as [48]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“anxiety and depression (Rezendes & Scarpa, 2011).”
From Mindfulness Parenting and Childish Play: A Clinical Trial With Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (2023) · cites this paper as Rezendes & Scarpa, 2011
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Citations
Cites
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“Using the steps of mediation outlined by Baron and Kenny [41] and Holmbeck”
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“Power for each regression analysis was calculated using G∗Power [43].”
MethodMediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations.
Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.4.422 · Cited by 11,335 · cited 1×
“Additionally, as a way to further explain the mediation, the proportion of the total effect that was mediated was calculated by multiplying the unstandardized regression coefficients of paths a and b and dividing by the unstandardized regression coefficient of path c [44].”
MethodLord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065 · cited 1×
“, hand flapping, fixation on objects or topics) based on the scoring algorithms of the autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic [33] and the autism diagnostic interview-revised [34].”
MethodLord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520 · cited 1×
“, hand flapping, fixation on objects or topics) based on the scoring algorithms of the autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic [33] and the autism diagnostic interview-revised [34].”
MethodPsychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire
GOODMAN, R. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200111000-00015 · Cited by 6,813 · cited 2×
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Holmbeck, G. N. (2002) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/27.1.87 · Cited by 1,866 · cited 1×
“[42], a series of regression analyses were conducted to”
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“Other studies found that self-efficacy is negatively associated with parental psychopathology [26, 27].”
Background
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–211 of 211
Zamani, R., Khoshab, H., Farahani, A. S., Nourian, M., Nasiri, M., Najafi, K., & Valadkhani, S. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-03922-3
“Increasing parents’ knowledge and skills in the treatment process reduces their anxiety [39].”
Quality of Life of and Its Predictors Among Caregivers of Children With Developmental Disorders
Waqar, S., Ali, H., Ali, E., Niaz, A., & Roshan, R. (2026) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-026-07269-5
Uğurlu, M. (2026) · Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17556/erziefd.1724988
Maternal health habits and observed parenting behaviors in an autistic preschool sample
Johnson, M. G., Brassard, M. R., Jahromi, L. B., Greer, R. D., & Park, J. (2026) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.reia.2026.202902
Fipp-Rosenfield, H. L., Levy, R., Jones, M. K., Grauzer, J. M., Kaat, A. J., & Roberts, M. Y. (2026) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/10538151261450183
“At the same time, the presence of disruptive behaviors negatively affects caregivers’ self-efficacy, quality of life, mental health, and stress (Lecavalier et al., 2006; Rezendes & Scarpa, 2011).”
Stress and sense of competence in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder or Down syndrome
Claudel-Valentin, S., Lemoine, L., & Tazouti, Y. (2026) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2026.2704219
Wang, W., Li, Y., Lu, Y., Liu, Y., & Yasin, M. H. M. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1885062 · Cited by 1
“From a self-efficacy perspective, increased perceived parenting efficacy may help parents manage stress more effectively (Rezendes and Scarpa, 2011; Park and Oh, 2023; Bandura, 1977).”
Abdel-Baki, R., & Thomassin, K. (2026) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-026-02070-y
Wang, J., Su, X., Yi, L., & Zeng, X. (2026) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-026-07535-6
Bruce, O., Sim, W. H., Rabba, A. S., Jorm, A. F., Nicolaou, E., & Yap, M. B. H. (2026) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.reia.2026.203027
Metadata
- Authors
- Rezendes, D. L., & Scarpa, A.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Tech (US)
- Corresponding author
- Scarpa, Angela
- ORCID
- Scarpa, Angela
- Venue
- Autism Research and Treatment
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 2011
- Pages
- 1-10
- ISSN
- 2090-1925 (ISSN-L)
- 2090-1933
- PMC
- PMC3420762
- OpenAlex
- W2141827715
- Semantic Scholar
- e3a6f1ef6c6003ea7bede8ea47c665339617e31a
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Autism Research and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, parental anxiety, parental depression, child behavior problems, parental stress, parental self-efficacy, mediation, mothers, maternal mental health
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