The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue Is Muscle Specific and Associated with Poor Functional Performance
Open accessAbstract
Purpose. People with obesity, diabetes, and peripheral neuropathy have high levels of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) volume which has been inversely related to physical function. We determined if IMAT is muscle specific, if calf IMAT is different between a healthy obese group (HO), a group with diabetes mellitus (D), and a group with diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy (DN), and if IMAT volume or the ratio of IMAT/muscle volume is related to physical function in these groups.Methods. 10 healthy obese people, 11 with type 2 diabetes, 24 with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy, had assessments of muscle morphology, physical function and muscle performance.Results. The gastrocnemius muscle had a higher ratio of IMAT/muscle volume than any other muscle or compartment. There were no differences between groups in calf muscle or IMAT volumes. Calf IMAT was inversely related to physical performance on the 6-minute walk test (r=−0.47) and physical performance test (r=−0.36). IMAT/muscle volume was inversely related to physical performance (PPT,r=−0.44; 6 MWr=−0.48; stair power,r=−0.30).Conclusions. IMAT accumulation varies in calf muscles, is highest in the gastrocnemius muscle, and is associated with poor physical performance.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Fat infiltration of muscle (both intramuscular and intermuscular) is further related to poor lower extremity physical performance.63”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“Multiple studies have found a similar relationship between increased myosteatosis in the lower extremities and decreased mobility (Tuttle et al., 2011, 2012; Marcus et al., 2012).”
From Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging (2020) · cites this paper as Tuttle et al., 2012
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
ATS Statement: Guidelines for the Six-Minute Walk Test
(2002) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at1102 · Cited by 11,195
Decreased Muscle Strength and Quality in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Park, S. W., Goodpaster, B. H., Strotmeyer, E. S., de Rekeneire, N., Harris, T. B., Schwartz, A. V., Tylavsky, F. A., & Newman, A. B. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db05-1183 · Cited by 751
Goodpaster, B. H., Thaete, F. L., & Kelley, D. E. (2000) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.4.885 · Cited by 707 · cited 1×
“This HbA1c value is consistent with other reports in the literature that link IMAT with insulin resistance [5, 6], and this marginally high HbA1c value could be a potential indicator of those at risk for developing diabetes.”
ResultGoodpaster, B. H., Krishnaswami, S., Resnick, H., Kelley, D. E., Haggerty, C., Harris, T. B., Schwartz, A. V., Kritchevsky, S., & Newman, A. B. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.2.372 · Cited by 619
Muscle Fibre Type Populations of Human Leg Muscles
Edgerton, V. R., Smith, J. L., & Simpson, D. R. (1975) · The Histochemical Journal · doi:10.1007/bf01003594 · Cited by 494
A1C level and future risk of diabetes: a systematic review
Zhang, X., Gregg, E. W., Williamson, D. F., Barker, L. E., Thomas, W., Bullard, K. M., Imperatore, G., Williams, D. E., & Albright, A. L. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-1939 · Cited by 422
Hilton, T. N., Tuttle, L. J., Bohnert, K. L., Mueller, M. J., & Sinacore, D. R. (2008) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20080079 · Cited by 373
Self-citationHindlimb unloading increases oxidative stress and disrupts antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle
Lawler, J. M. (2003) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(03)00186-2 · Cited by 370
Adipose tissue in muscle: a novel depot similar in size to visceral adipose tissue
Gallagher, D., Kuznia, P., Heshka, S., Albu, J., Heymsfield, S. B., Goodpaster, B., Visser, M., & Harris, T. B. (2005) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.4.903 · Cited by 354
Physical and Performance Measures for the Identification of Mild to Moderate Frailty
Brown, M., Sinacore, D. R., Binder, E. F., & Kohrt, W. M. (2000) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/55.6.m350 · Cited by 351
Self-citationSarcopenia and increased adipose tissue infiltration of muscle in elderly African American women
Song, M.-Y., Ruts, E., Kim, J., Janumala, I., Heymsfield, S., & Gallagher, D. (2004) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.874 · Cited by 324
Problems with Gait and Posture in Neuropathic Patients with Insulin‐Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Cavanagh, P. R., Derr, J. A., Ulbrecht, J. S., Maser, R. E., & Orchard, T. J. (1992) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1992.tb01819.x · Cited by 306
Muscular atrophy in diabetic neuropathy: a stereological magnetic resonance imaging study
Andersen, H., Gadeberg, P., Brock, B., & Jakobsen, J. (1997) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250050788 · Cited by 248
Low-Intensity exercise as a modifier of physical frailty in older adults
Brown, M., Sinacore, D. R., Ehsani, A. A., Binder, E. F., Holloszy, J. O., & Kohrt, W. M. (2000) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1053/apmr.2000.4425 · Cited by 233
Self-citationReliability of a Diabetic Foot Evaluation
Diamond, J. E., Mueller, M. J., Delitto, A., & Sinacore, D. R. (1989) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/69.10.797 · Cited by 180
Self-citationMaluf, K. S., & Mueller, M. J. (2003) · Clinical Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/s0268-0033(03)00118-9 · Cited by 178
Self-citationReproducibility of the 6-minute Walk Test in Obese Adults
Beriault, K., Carpentier, A. C., Gagnon, C., Ménard, J., Baillargeon, J., Ardilouze, J., & Langlois, M. (2009) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0029-1231043 · Cited by 163
Rowshan, K., Hadley, S. R., Pham, K., Caiozzo, V., Lee, T. Q., & Gupta, R. (2010) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.i.00812 · Cited by 138
Marcus, R. L., Smith, S., Morrell, G., Addison, O., Dibble, L. E., Wahoff-Stice, D., & LaStayo, P. C. (2008) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20080124 · Cited by 137
Skeletal muscle lipid concentration quantified by magnetic resonance imaging
Goodpaster, B. H., Stenger, V. A., Boada, F. E., McKolanis, T. M., Davis, D., Ross, R., & Kelley, D. E. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.748 · Cited by 90
Peak Aerobic Power Is an Important Component of Physical Performance in Older Women
Binder, E. F., Birge, S. J., Spina, R. J., Ehsani, A. A., Brown, M., Sinacore, D. R., & Kohrt, W. M. (1999) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/54.7.m353 · Cited by 75
Self-citationPerry, J., Mulroy, S. J., & Renwick, S. E. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 68
Ruan, X. Y., Gallagher, D., Harris, T. B., Albu, J., Heymsfield, S. B., Kuznia, P., & Heshka, S. (2006) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00304.2006 · Cited by 65
Bonen, A., Holloway, G. P., Tandon, N. N., Han, X.-X., McFarlan, J. T., Glatz, J. F. C., & Luiken, J. J. F. P. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90820.2008 · Cited by 61
Magnetic resonance imaging measurement reproducibility for calf muscle and adipose tissue volume
Commean, P. K., Tuttle, L. J., Hastings, M. K., Strube, M., & Mueller, M. J. (2011) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.22791 · Cited by 48
Self-citationKaneko, S., Iida, R., Suga, T., Fukui, T., Morito, M., & Yamane, A. (2011) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.21472 · Cited by 22
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 1993, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 74, 165
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fragala, M. S., Cadore, E. L., Dorgo, S., Izquierdo, M., Kraemer, W. J., Peterson, M. D., & Ryan, E. D. (2019) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003230 · Cited by 1,290
Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases
Kalyani, R. R., Corriere, M., & Ferrucci, L. (2014) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70034-8 · Cited by 1,102
Intermuscular fat: a review of the consequences and causes
Addison, O., Marcus, R. L., LaStayo, P. C., & Ryan, A. S. (2014) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2014/309570 · Cited by 656
Correa-de-Araujo, R., Addison, O., Miljkovic, I., Goodpaster, B. H., Bergman, B. C., Clark, R. V., Elena, J. W., Esser, K. A., Ferrucci, L., Harris-Love, M. O., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00963 · Cited by 468
Fatty infiltration of skeletal muscle: mechanisms and comparisons with bone marrow adiposity
Hamrick, M. W., McGee-Lawrence, M. E., & Frechette, D. M. (2016) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2016.00069 · Cited by 372
Metadata
- Authors
- Tuttle, L. J., Sinacore, D. R., & Mueller, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tuttle, Lori J.
- Venue
- Journal of Aging Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 2012
- Pages
- 1-7
- ISSN
- 2090-2204 (ISSN-L)
- 2090-2212
- PMC
- PMC3361226
- OpenAlex
- W2112899340
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Aging Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (R21 HD058938, T32 HD007434-14, R24HD650837, UL1 RR024992)
- National Center for Research Resources (R21 HD058938, T32 HD007434-14, R24HD650837, UL1 RR024992)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- intermuscular adipose tissue, physical function, type 2 diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, obesity, gastrocnemius, triceps surae, muscle morphology, 6-minute walk test
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
