Antioxidant and DNA Repair Stimulating Effect of Extracts from Transformed and Normal Roots of Rhaponticum carthamoides against Induced Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in CHO Cells
Open accessAbstract
Rhaponticum carthamoides has a long tradition of use in Siberian folk medicine. The roots and rhizomes of this species are used in various dietary supplements or nutraceutical preparations to increase energy level or eliminate physical weakness. This is the first report to reveal the protective and DNA repair stimulating abilities of R. carthamoides root extracts in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to an oxidative agent. Both transformed root extract (TR extract) and extract of soil-grown plant roots (NR extract) may be responsible for stimulating CHO cells to repair oxidatively induced DNA damage, but CHO cells stimulated with extract from the transformed roots demonstrated significantly stronger properties than cells treated with the soil-grown plant root extract. These differences in biological activity may be attributed to the differences in the content of phenolic compounds in these root extracts. Preincubation of the CHO cells with TR and NR extracts showed an increase in gene expression and protein levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD2). R. carthamoides may possess antioxidant properties that protect CHO cells against oxidative stress.
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Extracts from Rhaponticum carthamoides show antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-adipogenic, and antioxidant activities.
“Extracts from R. carthamoides show a variety of activities, including antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-adipogenic, and antioxidant [69,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [127]
The Introduction describes R. carthamoides as having antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and Results and Discussion §3.1 reports that its root extracts reduced CHO-cell viability at higher concentrations, supporting cytotoxic activity. The paper does not address anti-adipogenic activity, and its general reference to antimicrobial activity does not specifically establish antibacterial activity. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredInvestigations into Rhaponticum carthamoides revealed that its extracts are low in toxicity.
“The investigations into R. carthamoides revealed that its extracts are low in toxicity [69,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [127]
Section 3.1 reports that transformed- and normal-root extracts were tested for cytotoxicity in CHO cells and that lower concentrations were selected for subsequent assays. But cell viability notably decreased at 2.5 mg/mL, so the study does not establish that R. carthamoides extracts are generally low in toxicity. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition
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- Authors
- Skała, E., Sitarek, P., Różalski, M., Krajewska, U., Szemraj, J., Wysokińska, H., & Śliwiński, T.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Lodz (PL)
- University of Łódź (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Skała, Ewa
- ORCID
- Venue
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 2016
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5753139-5753139
- ISSN
- 1942-0994 (ISSN-L)
- 1942-0900
- PMC
- PMC4789442
- OpenAlex
- W2275885197
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Status
- Retracted
- Update notices
- retraction (2026-07-30)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical University of Łódź (503/3-012-01/503-31-001)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds
- Keywords
- Rhaponticum carthamoides, root extract, antioxidant activity, DNA repair, oxidative stress, DNA damage, CHO cells, phenolic compounds, catalase, superoxide dismutase, transformed roots, nutraceuticals
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Cricetulus, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Cricetinae, Plant Extracts, CHO Cells, Oxidative Stress, Plant Roots, Leuzea
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