Analysis of a Pulse Rate Variability Measurement Using a Smartphone Camera
Open accessAbstract
Background. Heart rate variability (HRV) provides information about the activity of the autonomic nervous system. Because of the small amount of data collected, the importance of HRV has not yet been proven in clinical practice. To collect population-level data, smartphone applications leveraging photoplethysmography (PPG) and some medical knowledge could provide the means for it. Objective. To assess the capabilities of our smartphone application, we compared PPG (pulse rate variability (PRV)) with ECG (HRV). To have a baseline, we also compared the differences among ECG channels. Method. We took fifty parallel measurements using iPhone 6 at a 240 Hz sampling frequency and Cardiax PC-ECG devices. The correspondence between the PRV and HRV indices was investigated using correlation, linear regression, and Bland-Altman analysis. Results. High PPG accuracy: the deviation of PPG-ECG is comparable to that of ECG channels. Mean deviation between PPG-ECG and two ECG channels: RR: 0.01 ms–0.06 ms, SDNN: 0.78 ms–0.46 ms, RMSSD: 1.79 ms–1.21 ms, and pNN50: 2.43%–1.63%. Conclusions. Our iPhone application yielded good results on PPG-based PRV indices compared to ECG-based HRV indices and to differences among ECG channels. We plan to extend our results on the PPG-ECG correspondence with a deeper analysis of the different ECG channels.
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Heart rate variability in COMISA: toward autonomic phenotyping for precision sleep medicine
Sabil, A., & Pengo, M. F. (2026) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsag126
Müller-Graff, F.-T., Essig, F., Friedrich, M. U., Hoika, K., Hackenberg, S., Rak, K., & Taeger, J. (2026) · JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies · doi:10.2196/81963
- Authors
- Bánhalmi, A., Borbás, J., Fidrich, M., Bilicki, V., Gingl, Z., & Rudas, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Szeged (HU)
- Corresponding author
- Bánhalmi, András
- Venue
- Journal of Healthcare Engineering
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 2018
- Pages
- 1-15
- ISSN
- 2040-2295 (ISSN-L)
- 2040-2309
- PMC
- PMC5832098
- OpenAlex
- W2794220693
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Healthcare Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SZTE Publicatio Repozitórium (University of Szeged) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- European Regional Development Fund
- European Union
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Keywords
- pulse rate variability, heart rate variability, photoplethysmography, smartphone camera, mobile application, ECG comparison, autonomic nervous system, RR interval, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Adult, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Pulse, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Photoplethysmography
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