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Activators and Inhibitors of NRF2: A Review of Their Potential for Clinical Development
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) triggers the first line of homeostatic responses against a plethora of environmental or endogenous deviations in redox metabolism, proteostasis, inflammation, etc. Therefore, pharmacological activation of NRF2 is a promising therapeutic approach for several chronic diseases that are underlined by oxidative stress and inflammation, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. A particular case is cancer, where NRF2 confers a survival advantage to constituted tumors, and therefore, NRF2 inhibition is desired. This review describes the electrophilic and nonelectrophilic NRF2 activators with clinical projection in various chronic diseases. We also analyze the status of NRF2 inhibitors, which at this time provide proof of concept for blocking NRF2 activity in cancer therapy.
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“The nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway has also become a target to resist aging, with its activity functioning as the first responder against an array of endogenous divergent facets such as redox metabolism, inflammation, and proteostasis. 19”
From Three Tiers to biological escape velocity: The quest to outwit aging (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
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“Activation of NRF2 is now a target for longevity researchers as its function offers therapeutic potential for numerous diseases that involve oxidative stress or inflammation including neurodegenerative, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases.”
From Three Tiers to biological escape velocity: The quest to outwit aging (2022) · cites this paper as [19]
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Role of nrf2 in oxidative stress and toxicity
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Bardoxolone Methyl and Kidney Function in CKD with Type 2 Diabetes
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Small Molecule Modulators of Keap1‐ Nrf2‐ ARE Pathway as Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Agents
Magesh, S., Chen, Y., & Hu, L. (2012) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21257 · Cited by 760
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Brusatol enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by inhibiting the Nrf2-mediated defense mechanism
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Lo, S., Li, X., Henzl, M. T., Beamer, L. J., & Hannink, M. (2006) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601243 · Cited by 604
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Metadata
- Authors
- Robledinos-Antón, N., Fernández-Ginés, R., Manda, G., & Cuadrado, A.
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz) and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Venue
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-07-14
- Volume
- 2019
- Pages
- 1-20
- ISSN
- 1942-0900
- 1942-0994
- PMC
- PMC6664516
- Cited by
- 413
- References
- 16
- Language
- en
- Funders
- European Regional Development Fund (P_37_732/2016, B2017/BMD-3827, SAF2016-76520-R)
- Autonomous Community of Madrid (P_37_732/2016, B2017/BMD-3827, SAF2016-76520-R)
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (P_37_732/2016, B2017/BMD-3827, SAF2016-76520-R)
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