p38 MAPK in Myeloma Cells Regulates Osteoclast and Osteoblast Activity and Induces Bone Destruction
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Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which is constitutively activated in human myeloma, has been implicated in bone destruction by this cancer, but the processes it recruits are obscure. In this study, we show that p38 activity in myeloma inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, but also enhances osteoclast maturation and bone resorption. p38 regulated the expression and secretion of the Wnt pathway antagonist DKK-1 and the monocyte chemoattractant MCP-1. Attenuating p38, DKK-1, or MCP-1 were each sufficient to reduce bone lesions in vivo. Although it is well known that DKK-1 inhibits osteoblast differentiation, we found that together with MCP-1, it could also promote osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The latter effects were mediated by enhancing expression of RANK in osteoclast progenitor cells and by upregulating secretion of its ligand RANKL from stromal cells and mature osteoblasts. In summary, our study defined the mechanisms by which p38 signaling in myeloma cells regulates osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and bone destruction. Our findings, which may have implications for bone invasion by other cancers where p38 is elevated, strongly suggests that targeting p38 for inhibition may offer an effective therapeutic approach to treat osteolytic bone lesions in patients with myeloma. Cancer Res; 72(24); 6393–402. ©2012 AACR.
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Myeloma cells prevent mesenchymal stromal cells from differentiating into mature osteoblasts.
“According to reports, myeloma cells prevent MSCs from differentiating into mature osteoblasts [42, 276, 277].”
From Mesenchymal stromal cells in bone marrow niche of patients with multiple myeloma: a double-edged sword (2025) · cites this paper as [276]
The Results section ('Myeloma cell p38 inhibits osteoblast differentiation and function via DKK-1'; page unavailable) reports that myeloma cells or their conditioned medium suppressed osteoblast differentiation and left many cells poorly differentiated. Our copy does not establish that the cells in those osteoblast-differentiation experiments were MSCs, and it describes suppression rather than complete prevention. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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- Authors
- He, J., Liu, Z., Zheng, Y., Qian, J., Li, H., Lu, Y., Xu, J., Hong, B., Zhang, M., Lin, P., Cai, Z., Orlowski, R. Z., Kwak, L. W., Yi, Q., & Yang, J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yi, Qing
- Yang, Jing
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer Research
- Published
- 2012-12-15
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 6393-6402
- ISSN
- 0008-5472 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-7445
- PMC
- PMC3525770
- OpenAlex
- W2086866921
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cancer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
- National Cancer Institute (K99/R00CA137158, R01CA138402, R01CA138398, K99CA137158, R01CA163881, P50CA142509, CA138398, R00CA137158, CA138402)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Bone health and treatments
- Keywords
- p38 MAPK, multiple myeloma, bone destruction, osteoclastogenesis, osteogenic differentiation, bone resorption, DKK1, Wnt signaling, MCP-1, RANK, RANKL, osteolytic lesions, stromal cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bone Resorption, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Humans, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Multiple Myeloma, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Mice, SCID, RNA, Small Interfering, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Mice
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