Clinical subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) can present as a variety of clinical profiles. Although the most common presentation is that of a progressive amnestic disorder with subsequent involvement of other cognitive functions and personality alterations, there are numerous other clinical profiles. AD can present as a focal cortical degenerative syndrome with the clinical features dependent on the regions of the brain involved. Some of these syndromes include disturbances of language, visuospatial skills, attentional functions, executive processes and praxis. The neuropathological substrate of these disorders is variable and can include AD. Recently, the Lewy body variant of AD has been described. Finally, other modifying features that affect the progression of AD, such as extrapyramidal symptoms and myoclonus, are also discussed. Although the progressive amnestic form of AD is the most common presentation, other variations on the clinical syndrome can be important to identify because they may have implications for prognosis and treatment.
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Genetic variants that increase risk for AD also influence CSF Aβ1-42 levels, including pathogenic mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, as well as APOE.
“In targeted analyses, it has been shown that genetic variants that increase risk for AD also influence CSF Aβ1–42 levels, including pathogenic mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, as well as APOE [208–210].”
From Genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease (2020) · cites this paper as [209]
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- Authors
- Petersen, R. C.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Petersen, R.C.
- ORCID
- Petersen, R.C.
- Venue
- Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 1998
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- Suppl. 3
- Pages
- 16-24
- ISSN
- 1420-8008 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9824
- OpenAlex
- W1982494036
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns029059-03)
- National Institute on Aging (AG-08031, P30AG008031, AG-06786, U01AG006786)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 29059)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, clinical subtypes, language disorders, visuospatial impairment, attentional dysfunction, executive dysfunction, praxis, extrapyramidal symptoms, myoclonus, neuropathology, prognosis
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Basal Ganglia Diseases, Humans, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease, Syndrome
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