The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Predictors of Suicide in the Old Elderly
Abstract
Background: Seniors aged 75 and above have the highest suicide rates of all age groups in most industrialized countries. However, research concerning risk factors for suicide in the old elderly is sparse. Objective: The purpose was to determine predictors for suicide among the old elderly (75+). Data concerning the young elderly (65–74 years) are shown for comparison. Methods: 85 consecutive cases of suicide that occurred in western Sweden and 153 control persons with the same sex, birth year, and zip code as the suicide cases were randomly selected from the tax register. The old elderly group included 38 cases and 71 controls; the young elderly group included 47 cases and 82 controls. Data concerning the suicide cases were collected through interviews with close informants; controls were interviewed in person. The interview included questions on past-year life events and mental and physical health. Medical records were reviewed for cases and controls. The Cumulative Illness Rating Scale – Geriatrics was used to rate illness burden. Results: Family conflict, serious physical illness, loneliness, and both major and minor depressions were associated with suicide in the 75+ group. Economic problems predicted suicide in the younger but not in the older elderly. Old elderly suicide victims with depression (major or minor) were less likely to have received depression treatment than their younger counterparts. Conclusions: Better recognition and treatment of both major and minor depression should constitute an important target for the prevention of suicide in the old elderly. Intervention studies with large numbers of senior participants are sorely needed.
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In the citing paper
“Only three studies (with four publications) examined suicide/fatal suicidal behavior [38,40,41,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“found no difference between the two groups with regards to living alone [42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Residential change over the past two years was not associated with death by suicide in the Swedish study by Rubenowitz [40], nor when Waern conducted separate analyses for those aged 65–74 years and those aged above 75 [42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Waern noted that both younger (65–74) and older (75+) suicide decedents were significantly less involved in such activities than sex- and age-matched comparisons from the general population [42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Loneliness—the inner, subjective experience of social disconnectedness—was examined in two Swedish studies (across three publications), documenting increased risk for both non-fatal and fatal suicidal behavior [39,40,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“when Waern [42] analyzed data separately for those aged 65–74 years and those aged above 75, loneliness was found to be a stronger predictor among the latter age group.”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“An index of discordant connectedness—relationship discord—was examined in three publications, documenting associations with non-fatal [38] and fatal suicidal behavior [38,40,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Analysis of data from the Swedish psychological autopsy study revealed that interpersonal conflict over the prior 24 months was a significant predictor of suicide [40,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Though investigated in fewer studies, consistent results were also found for subjective measures of social connectedness—perceived social support (two U.S. studies [31,41]) and loneliness (two Swedish studies [39,40,42]).”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [42]
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“In addition, both major and minor depression disorders are significant predictors of suicide in the old elderly (28) and depressive mood is independently associated with suicidal ideation in the general population (29).”
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“신경이 예민한 상태가 계속되면 신경쇠약과 우울, 의욕상실 등의 징후가 나타나게 되어 극단적인 경우 자살기도로 이어지기도 한다(이선혜ㆍ고정은 2009; Schulz et al. 2002; Waerna et al. 2003).”
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“Depression is said to be the primary risk factor for older people’s suicide [2], and the alleviation of depressive symptoms is considered a method for preventing suicide [3,4].”
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“Considering that two-thirds of persons over 75 who die by suicide may be depressed (2), there is reason to believe that a large proportion of suicides in this national cohort had untreated or undertreated depression at the time of death.”
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“, 2000), pain (Dewall and Baumeister, 2006), and suicidal thoughts in later life (Waern et al., 2003; Wiktorsson et al., 2010).”
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“Advanced age is also associated with various deficits not only in health but also in social status, autonomy, and so on.(4) That is why suicide rates, including suicide by autointoxication, among the elderly are higher than in other age groups.”
BackgroundSuicide attempts and deaths in older persons in Ghana: A media surveillance approach
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“In 2010, over 140 million disabilityadjusted life years was caused by mental disorders in the world [4].”
BackgroundLindner, R., Drinkmann, A., Schneider, B., Sperling, U., & Supprian, T. (2022) · Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie · doi:10.1007/s00391-022-02030-w · Cited by 10
Jae-Moo, L., & Ryan, E. J. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11216355 · Cited by 10
“Importantly, untreated depression can increase the risk of other chronic diseases (CD), exacerbate existing diseases, increase mortality, and cause serious consequences such as suicide [6,7].”
BackgroundLe suicide de la personne âgée : existe-t-il des spécificités liées à l’âge ?
Richard‐Devantoy, S., & Jollant, F. (2013) · Santé mentale au Québec · doi:10.7202/1014949ar · Cited by 10
“Les troubles anxieux et l’abus ou la dépendance à l’alcool augmentent le risque de décès par suicide chez la personne âgée (Waern et al., 2003 ; Blow et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialMatschke, J., Sehner, S., Gallinat, J., Siegers, J. L. M., Murroni, M., Püschel, K., & Glatzel, M. (2018) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-018-0876-4 · Cited by 10
Depression in Late Life: Etiology, Presentation, and Management
Power, C., Greene, E., & LAWLOR, B. A. (2017) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2414-6_10 · Cited by 12
Psychosocial needs of elderly visually impaired patients: pilot study of patients' perspectives
King, E. A., Gilson, S. E. L., & Peveler, R. (2006) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 10
Orthopaedic Surgeon Burnout and Suicide
Hogan, W. B., & Daniels, A. H. (2021) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.21.00657 · Cited by 10
Chang, H. (2015) · Korean Journal of Adult Nursing · doi:10.7475/kjan.2015.27.1.52 · Cited by 9
“긍정적 기대를 저하시켜 자신의 생에 대해 부정적으로 평가하 는 요인이 된다[8].”
Passive and active suicidal ideation in Swedish 85-year-olds: Time trends 1986–2015
Jonson, M., Sigström, R., Fässberg, M. M., Wetterberg, H., Rydén, L., Sterner, T. R., Hedna, K., Nilsson, U. L., Skoog, I. G., & Wærn, M. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.060 · Cited by 9
Psychological Disorders of Elderly Home Residents
Etemadi, A., & Ahmadi, K. (2009) · Journal of Applied Sciences · doi:10.3923/jas.2009.549.554 · Cited by 9
Ju, S., & Kim, K.-S. (2015) · Indian Journal of Science and Technology · doi:10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i16/75174 · Cited by 8
Evaluation of a project to raise community awareness of suicide risk among older men
Bartlett, H., Travers, C., & Cartwright, C. (2008) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638230701506010 · Cited by 8
Dworschak, C., Mäder, T., Rühlmann, C., Maercker, A. R. A., & Kleim, B. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-68045-y · Cited by 10
Cho, J. (2022) · Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development · doi:10.1080/02185385.2022.2048414 · Cited by 8
“Furthermore, depression in the elderly is a predictive sign of suicide (Waern et al., 2003) and is the variable most strongly associated with functional impairments (Shmuely-Dulitzki et al.”
BackgroundKim, Y. J. (2011) · The Korean Journal of Community Living Science · doi:10.7856/kjcls.2011.22.3.429 · Cited by 8
“이는 가족통합이 좋을수록 노인의 자살생각이 낮으며 (김형수 2002), 가족결속이 우울을 매개로 하여 자살생각에 영향을 미치며(배지연 2004), 가족갈 등이 노인자살의 중요 예측 요인(Waern et al. 2003)임을 보여주는 것이다.”
Lindner, R., & Schneider, B. (2014) · Public Health Forum · doi:10.1016/j.phf.2013.12.024 · Cited by 7
Los vínculos que brindan mayor satisfacción en la red de apoyo social de los adultos
Polizzi, L., & Arias, C. J. (2014) · Pensando Psicología · doi:10.16925/pe.v10i17.785 · Cited by 10
Depression in Late Life: Etiology, Presentation, and Management
Power, C., Greene, E., & LAWLOR, B. A. (2016) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0370-7_10-1 · Cited by 8
신학진 (2012) · Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare · doi:10.21194/kjgsw..56.201206.191 · Cited by 7
Hedna, K., Sundell, K. A., Hensing, G. K. E., Skoog, I. G., Gustavsson, S., & Wærn, M. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022703 · Cited by 7
“Risk factors have been shown to differ with age in both clinical and population-based cohorts of older adults.(11) 12 Better recognition and management of factors associated with suicidal behaviours are important targets for the prevention of suicide in the oldest population, especially in the context of depression.”
BackgroundA Longitudinal Study on Predictors of Suicide Ideation in Old People: Using a Panel Logit Model
Lee, S.-W. (2017) · Health and Social Welfare Review · doi:10.15709/hswr.2017.37.3.191 · Cited by 7
Hong, S., Lee, W. J., Kim, D., Seol, S. H., Lee, J., In, S., Lee, H. W., Woo, S. H., & Wee, J. H. (2018) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-018-1053-3 · Cited by 7
Geropsychiatric Nursing Practice in the United States: Present Trends and Future Directions
Kaas, M. J., & Beattie, E. (2006) · Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association · doi:10.1177/1078390306292161 · Cited by 7
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN KESEPIAN LANSIA DI BANDA ACEH
Pospos, C. J. L., Dahlia, D., Khairani, M., & Afriani, A. (2022) · SEURUNE Jurnal Psikologi UNSYIAH · doi:10.24815/s-jpu.v5i1.25115 · Cited by 6
Effects of a Nurse Presence Program on Suicide Prevention for Elders with a Chronic Disease
Jo, K. (2007) · Daehan ganho haghoeji · doi:10.4040/jkan.2007.37.7.1027 · Cited by 6
Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation in the Elderly
Kim, H. J., Lee, A., Lee, S. I., Kim, Y., Jung, H., & Kim, S. G. (2015) · 신경정신의학 · doi:10.4306/jknpa.2015.54.4.468 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Waern, M., Rubenowitz, E., & Wilhelmson, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- ORCID
- Wilhelmson, Katarina
- Venue
- Gerontology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2003
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 328-334
- ISSN
- 0304-324X (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0003
- OpenAlex
- W2086377562
- Cited by
- 360
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 12.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Keywords
- suicide, oldest old, older adults, risk factors, depression, family conflict, loneliness, physical illness, economic problems, depression treatment, suicide prevention, life events, mental health
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Mental Disorders, Female, Health Status, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support, Suicide, Sweden, Odds Ratio, Case-Control Studies
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