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Cited by 146Effects of Radiation ExposureSpaceflight effects on biologyRadiation Therapy and Dosimetry

Chromosome aberration dosimetry in cosmonauts after single or multiple space flights

Durante, M., Snigiryova, G., Akaeva, E., Bogomazova, A., Druzhinin, S., Fedorenko, B., Greco, O., Novitskaya, N. +4 more·2003·Cytogenetic and Genome Research
DOI 10.1159/000076288
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cosmic radiation is one of the main hazards for manned space exploration. Uncertainty in radiation risk estimates for crews of long-term missions are very high, and direct biological measurements are necessary. We measured chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 33 cosmonauts involved in space missions during the past 11 years. METHODS: Blood lymphocytes from the cosmonauts were stimulated to grow in vitro and were harvested at their first mitosis. Slides were either stained with Giemsa stain for dicentrics analysis, or painted with whole-chromosome DNA probes for translocation analysis (FISH). RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the yield of chromosomal aberrations was measured following long-term space missions in lymphocytes from cosmonauts at their first flight. No significant changes in aberration frequencies were observed for short-term taxi flights. The increase in long-term missions was consistent with the values calculated from physical dosimetry data. However, for cosmonauts involved in two or more space flights, the yield of interchromosomal exchanges was not related to the total duration of space sojourn or integral absorbed dose. Indeed, the yield of aberrations at the end of the last mission was generally in the range of background frequencies measured before the first mission. CONCLUSIONS: Chromosome aberration dosimetry can detect radiation damage during space flight, and biological measurements support the current risk estimates for space radiation exposure. However, for cosmonauts involved in multiple space missions the frequency of chromosomal aberrations is lower than expected, suggesting that the effects of repeated space flights on this particular endpoint are not simply additive. Changes in the immune system in microgravity and/or adaptive response to space radiation may explain the apparent increase in radioresistance after multiple space flights.

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Crossref · 10.1159/000076288

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  • Interpretation of studies on chromosomal aberrations in astronauts and cosmonauts is limited by significant individual variability and insufficient statistical power.

    “However, interpretation of these studies is limited by significant individual variability and insufficient statistical power [37,38,39,40].”

    From Space Radiation: The number one risk to astronaut health beyond low earth orbit (2014) · cites this paper as [37]

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Authors
Durante, M., Snigiryova, G., Akaeva, E., Bogomazova, A., Druzhinin, S., Fedorenko, B., Greco, O., Novitskaya, N., Rubanovich, A., Shevchenko, V., von Recklinghausen, U., & Obe, G.
Affiliations
  • University of Naples Federico II (IT)
  • Federal State Budgetary Institution Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology (RU)
  • Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
  • The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute (US)
  • University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
ORCID
Venue
Cytogenetic and Genome Research
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2003
Volume
103
Issue
1-2
Pages
40-46
ISSN
  • 1424-859X (ISSN-L)
  • 1424-8581
DOI
10.1159/000076288
OpenAlex
W2083283134
Cited by
146
References
25
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Cytogenetic and Genome Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
Keywords
cosmic rays, space radiation exposure, cosmonauts, chromosomal abnormalities, radiation dosimetry, lymphocytes, dicentric chromosomes, translocation, radiation risk, radioresistance (biology), microgravity, adaptive response
MeSH terms
Azure Stains, Chromosome Aberrations, Cosmic Radiation, Coloring Agents, Humans, Radiometry, Space Flight, Translocation, Genetic, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Astronauts, Chromosome Painting

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