Psychotherapy Improves Compliance with Tuberculosis Treatment
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Low treatment completion rate in tuberculosis (TB) patients is a major concern. Physicians have always been striving for better treatment adherence in such patients. The present study is one such attempt in this direction. OBJECTIVES: The study was aimed to evaluate the role of behavior modification by psychotherapy in improving compliance with short-course anti-TB chemotherapy in India. METHODS: It was a prospective controlled trial involving patients with confirmed pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB enrolled in the National Tuberculosis Program. The intervention group underwent pretreatment psychological assessment followed by regular psychotherapy sessions. RESULTS: The intervention group had a demographic profile comparable to that of the control group. The patients were mostly from low- and middle-income backgrounds from urban and semi-urban areas. They consistently showed poor knowledge about the nature of the disease, low motivation, and had considerable apprehensions. Following the sessions, the intervention group showed improved compliance compared with the control group, reflected in significantly higher treatment completion and cure rates. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that psychological intervention is effective in improving compliance with anti-TB treatment, and may reduce the incidence of treatment failure, relapse and drug resistance.
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Addressing mental health and psychosocial barriers may improve treatment engagement in TB care.
“Although effect sizes and outcome definitions varied across studies, the overall pattern suggests that addressing mental health and psychosocial barriers may improve treatment engagement in TB care [28,29,30,31,32].”
From Psychosocial Interventions for Improving Treatment Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients: A Scoping Review of Evidence-Based Approaches. (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
Janmeja et al. reported higher treatment success in the intervention group than in the control group.
“For example, Janmeja et al. [28] reported higher treatment success in the intervention group than in the control group”
From Psychosocial Interventions for Improving Treatment Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients: A Scoping Review of Evidence-Based Approaches. (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
Theory-informed intervention design may strengthen psychosocial programs by linking strategies to modifiable determinants of behavior.
“The apparent usefulness of established behavioral frameworks—including the Health Belief Model [29,32], Motivational Enhancement Therapy drawing on stages-of-change principles [28], and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) model and Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy [20]—suggests that theory-informed intervention design may strengthen psychosocial programs by linking”
From Psychosocial Interventions for Improving Treatment Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients: A Scoping Review of Evidence-Based Approaches. (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Janmeja, A. K., Das, S. K., Bhargava, R., & Chavan, B. S.
- Affiliations
- Government Medical College and Hospital (IN)
- ORCID
- Janmeja, A.K.
- Venue
- Respiration
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 375-380
- ISSN
- 0025-7931 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0356
- OpenAlex
- W2056900367
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Respiration (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- tuberculosis, medication adherence, psychotherapy, behavior modification, pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, psychological intervention, treatment completion, cure rate, patient motivation, National Tuberculosis Control Program
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antitubercular Agents, Behavior Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Patient Compliance, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Treatment Outcome
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