The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
VEGF as a Key Mediator of Angiogenesis in Cancer
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a homodimeric glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 45 kDa. It is the key mediator of angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), and binds two VEGF receptors (VEGF receptor-1 and VEGF receptor-2), which are expressed on vascular endothelial cells. In healthy humans, VEGF promotes angiogenesis in embryonic development and is important in wound healing in adults. VEGF is the key mediator of angiogenesis in cancer, in which it is up-regulated by oncogene expression, a variety of growth factors and also hypoxia. Angiogenesis is essential for cancer development and growth: before a tumor can grow beyond 1–2 mm, it requires blood vessels for nutrients and oxygen. The production of VEGF and other growth factors by the tumor results in the ‘angiogenic switch’, where new vasculature is formed in and around the tumor, allowing it to grow exponentially. Tumor vasculature formed under the influence of VEGF is structurally and functionally abnormal. Blood vessels are irregularly shaped, tortuous, have dead ends and are not organized into venules, arterioles and capillaries. They are also leaky and hemorrhagic, which leads to high interstitial pressure. These characteristics mean that tumor blood flow is suboptimal, resulting in hypoxia and further VEGF production. This central role of VEGF in the production of tumor vasculature makes it a rational target for anticancer therapy.
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Cites
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The biology of VEGF and its receptors
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Vascular endothelial growth factor induced by hypoxia may mediate hypoxia-initiated angiogenesis
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Angiogenesis in health and disease
Carmeliet, P. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0603-653 · Cited by 4,276
Self-citationAbnormal blood vessel development and lethality in embryos lacking a single VEGF allele
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Self-citationHeterozygous embryonic lethality induced by targeted inactivation of the VEGF gene
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Tumorigenesis and the angiogenic switch
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Cited by
Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013 · Cited by 66,590
Epigenetic plasticity and the hallmarks of cancer
Flavahan, W. A., Gaskell, E., & Bernstein, B. E. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal2380 · Cited by 1,340
Tumor Self-Seeding by Circulating Cancer Cells
Kim, M.-Y., Oskarsson, T., Acharyya, S., Nguyen, D. X., Zhang, X. H.-F., Norton, L., & Massagué, J. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.11.025 · Cited by 1,335
Holmquist-Mengelbier, L., Fredlund, E., Löfstedt, T., Noguera, R., Navarro, S., Nilsson, H., Pietras, A., Vallon-Christersson, J., Borg, Å., Gradin, K., et al. (2006) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2006.08.026 · Cited by 735
Tumor microenvironment: The role of the tumor stroma in cancer
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Metadata
- Authors
- Carmeliet, P.
- Venue
- Oncology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- Suppl. 3
- Pages
- 4-10
- ISSN
- 0030-2414 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0232
- OpenAlex
- W1972739162
- Cited by
- 1,768
- References
- 45
- FWCI
- 14.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
