Direct Regulation of Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing-Hormone Neurons by Angiotensin II
Abstract
The possible role of angiotensin II (AII) in the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis was studied in the rat by examining the regulation and cellular localization of AII receptors in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus and the effect of AII on corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin (VP) mRNA levels. In situ hybridization studies using cRNA 35S-labelled probes showed that while type 1 AII receptor (AT 1) mRNA levels were high in the periventricular and parvicellular pars of the PVN, only very low levels were present in the magnocellular pars. A similar distribution of AT 1 receptor binding in the periventricular, parvicellular and magnocellular divisions of the PVN was observed in autoradiographic studies in hypothalamic sections labelled with 125I[Sar1,Ile8]AΠ. In addition, AII receptor binding was clearly evident in nerve fibers adjacent to the PVN. Double-labelling hybridization using digoxigenin-labelled CRH, VP and oxytocin probes and 35S-labelled AT 1 receptor cRNA probes showed AT 1 receptor mRNA in cells stained for CRH mRNA, but not in VP or oxytocin cells. Four hours after a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 50 ng AII in conscious rats, CRH mRNA levels in the PVN were increased by 43%, similar to the increases observed following acute stress by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 1.5 M NaCl (76%). On the other hand, while i.p. hypertonic saline injection increased VP mRNA levels by 29% in the PVN and by 32% in the supraoptic nucleus, i.c.v. AII injection had no significant effect. The data strongly suggest that AII modulates CRH neurons directly through receptors in PVN perikarya, whereas regulation of magnocellular function is at least partly indirect via receptors associated with afferent innervation to the PVN. The data support a direct role for AII in the regulation of PVN function.
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ATII is a circulating endocrine factor that can trigger CRF production during stress.
“ATII is a circulating endocrine factor that can trigger CRF production in response to stress82.”
From Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis (2019) · cites this paper as [82]
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“In addition, we cannot rule out other factors such as angiotensin II and catecholamines as possible mediators of the increased activity of the HPA axis (Lightman & Young 1987, Harbuz et al. 1991, Aguilera et al. 1995).”
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Regulation of the Hypothalmic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Vasopressin Secretion
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“CRH release is in turn influenced by several systems/peptides, such as NPY, angiotensin II, and opioids (Aguilera et al., 1995; Dimitrov et al., 2007; Koenig, 1989; Suda et al., 1993).”
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“Excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABA neuron populations have also been identified in parts of the PVN where they control the release of neuropeptides (Ang II), Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and electrolyte balance (Aguilera et al. 1995a,b; Nillni 2010).”
Background
- Authors
- Aguilera, G., Young, W. S., Kiss, A., & Bathia, A.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US)
- Venue
- Neuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2008-04-09
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 437-444
- ISSN
- 0028-3835 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0194
- OpenAlex
- W1986221824
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- angiotensin II, corticotropin-releasing factor, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, vasopressin, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, oxytocin, magnocellular neurons, parvicellular neurons, acute stress, hypertonic saline, supraoptic nucleus
- MeSH terms
- Angiotensin II, Animals, Autoradiography, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Injections, Intraventricular, Male, Neurons, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Receptors, Angiotensin, RNA, Messenger, Tissue Distribution, Vasopressins, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, In Situ Hybridization, Rats
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