Long-Term Follow-Up after Surgical Management for Atypical Endometriosis: A Series of Nine Cases
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Atypical endometriosis is reported to possess a precancerous potential attributed to premalignant changes characterized by cytological atypia and architecture proliferation. Although the coexistence of atypical endometriosis and neoplasms has been reported, cases of atypical endometriosis transformation to carcinoma are rarely reported. The purpose of this case series was to evaluate the prognosis of atypical endometriosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data from nine women who underwent surgical treatment including cystectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy and diagnosed with atypical endometriosis was analyzed. Between January 2006 and January 2018, the clinical characteristics and prognosis of atypical endometriosis were evaluated. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, eight of nine patients with atypical endometriosis did not develop malignant epithelial tumors, although one patient developed endometrioid carcinoma, grade 1, 48 months after her right laparoscopic cystectomy. The median overall survival period for all patients was 68 (range 13-131) months. CONCLUSION: When we encounter the cases of atypical endometriosis, it is necessary to consider the possibility of ovarian cancer and carefully follow those cases for long periods.
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Postmenopausal status is a risk factor for malignant endometriosis.
“Furthermore, Tanase et al. (2019) consider the following to be risk factors for malignant endometriosis: advanced age of the patient, postmenopausal status and tumor diameter of an endometriotic lesion larger than 9 cm [44].”
From Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
The Results (page unavailable) record menopausal status but do not link it to malignant transformation. The Discussion (page unavailable) addresses the malignant potential of atypical endometriosis without identifying postmenopausal status as a risk factor. Searches for postmenopausal risk and the cited risk-factor list found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAdvanced age of the patient is a risk factor for malignant endometriosis.
“Furthermore, Tanase et al. (2019) consider the following to be risk factors for malignant endometriosis: advanced age of the patient, postmenopausal status and tumor diameter of an endometriotic lesion larger than 9 cm [44].”
From Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
The Results (page not provided) record patients’ ages and menopausal status but do not identify advanced age as a risk factor. The Discussion addresses malignant transformation and recommends long-term follow-up, especially for younger patients, without assessing whether older age increases risk. Searches for advanced age, menopausal status, lesion size, and risk factors found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTumor diameter of an endometriotic lesion larger than 9 cm is a risk factor for malignant endometriosis.
“Furthermore, Tanase et al. (2019) consider the following to be risk factors for malignant endometriosis: advanced age of the patient, postmenopausal status and tumor diameter of an endometriotic lesion larger than 9 cm [44].”
From Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
The Results report a median cyst size of 6.8 cm and a range of 3.5–9.2 cm, but do not identify a diameter greater than 9 cm as a risk factor for malignancy. The Discussion addresses possible malignant transformation without linking it to that size threshold; searches for the threshold and associated risk factors found no supporting passage in our copy. Page numbers were not available. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Tanase, Y., Kawaguchi, R., Uchiyama, T., & Kobayashi, H.
- Affiliations
- Nara Medical University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Tanase, Yasuhito
- Venue
- Case Reports in Oncology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2019-01-21
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 76-83
- ISSN
- 1662-6575 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6381887
- OpenAlex
- W2911294262
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Case Reports in Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Nara Medical University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19K10488)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Keywords
- atypical endometriosis, endometrioid carcinoma, endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, long-term follow-up, prognosis, laparoscopic cystectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, hysterectomy, overall survival
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