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Detection, Quantification, and Characterization of Potentially Atherogenic Triglyceride-Rich Remnant Lipoproteins
Abstract
Abstract —Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants are formed in the circulation when apolipoprotein (apo) B-48–containing chylomicrons of intestinal origin or apoB-100–containing VLDL of hepatic origin are converted by lipoprotein lipase, and to a lesser extent by hepatic lipase, into smaller and more dense particles. Compared with their nascent precursors, TRL remnants are depleted of triglyceride, phospholipid, and C apolipoproteins and are enriched in cholesteryl esters and apoE. They can thus be identified, separated, and/or quantified in plasma according to their density, charge, size, specific lipid components, apolipoprotein composition, and/or apolipoprotein immunospecificity. Each of these approaches has contributed to our current understanding of the compositional characteristics of TRL remnants and their potential to promote atherosclerosis. An ongoing search is nevertheless under way for more accurate and clinically applicable remnant lipoprotein assays that will be able to better define coronary artery disease risk in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
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“The absence of lipolysis (i.e. complete LPL deficiency) results in the extreme elevation of large ‘nascent’ TRL without any concomitant increase in remnants;36,67,68 here, pancreatitis rather than ASCVD is the major risk.”
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“TRLs are highly heterogeneous in size, density, and apolipoprotein composition [198].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cohn, J. S., Marcoux, C., & Davignon, J.
- Affiliations
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (CA)
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 1999-10
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2474-2486
- ISSN
- 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4636
- OpenAlex
- W2162381401
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 187
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
- Otsuka America
- Medical Research Council Canada
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- atherogenic lipoproteins, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein B-48, apolipoprotein B-100, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, chylomicrons, VLDL, hypertriglyceridemia, coronary artery disease risk, atherosclerosis
- MeSH terms
- Arteriosclerosis, Humans, Lipoproteins, Triglycerides
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