Vascular prostacyclin is increased in patients ingesting omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids before coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Open accessAbstract
Interest in the antithrombotic potential of diets enriched with fish oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) prompted us to examine how these fatty acids, when taken preoperatively, affect hemostasis, plasma lipid levels, and production of prostacyclin (PGI2) by vascular tissues in atherosclerotic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Fifteen patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease received 3 g/day eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.3 g/day docosahexaenoic acid as capsules of purified fish oil for 28 days before surgery. Platelet aggregation induced by low concentrations of ADP, collagen, and epinephrine decreased (p less than 0.05) and serum thromboxane B2 decreased 36% (p less than 0.01) from baseline values. Bleeding times increased 40% (p less than 0.01) from baseline. Serum triglycerides decreased 50% (p less than 0.05) without a change in total serum cholesterol. Spontaneous production of PGI2 measured as 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), its stable hydrolytic product, by saphenous vein and aortic and atrial tissues obtained at surgery was greater in tissues from patients receiving omega-3 PUFA supplements than in tissues from matched controls (13.8 +/- 2.2 versus 8.6, 21.0 +/- 3.1 versus 11.5 +/- 2.1, and 166 +/- 13 versus 102 +/- 15 ng/g, respectively, all p less than 0.05). Arachidonate-stimulated production of PGI2, as indicated by increased levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, was increased. Despite changes in platelet function, bleeding time, and vascular PGI2, the perioperative blood loss was not increased in subjects receiving fish oil supplements. Thus, omega-3 PUFAs at moderate dosages may exert antithrombotic effects by increasing prostacyclin production by vessel walls as well as by direct inhibition of platelet activity.
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Arachidonic acid is associated with greater platelet aggregation and with production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes that increase platelet activation and vasoconstriction.
“which is linked to increased platelet aggregation and production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes that enhance platelet activation and vasoconstriction.59”
From Omega-3 free fatty acids for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia: The EpanoVa fOr Lowering Very high triglyceridEs (EVOLVE) trial (2014) · cites this paper as [59]
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- Authors
- DeCaterina, R., Giannessi, D., Mazzone, A., Bernini, W., Lazzerini, G., Maffei, S., Cerri, M., Salvatore, L., & Weksler, B.
- Affiliations
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Spedali Riuniti di Santa Chiara, Pisa, Italy.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1990-08
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 428-438
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2071268296
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 7.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p50hl018828-19)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL18828)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Keywords
- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, prostacyclin, coronary artery bypass grafting, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, platelet aggregation, bleeding time, thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha, antithrombotic activity, perioperative blood loss, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, triglycerides
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Coronary Artery Bypass, Blood Vessels, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Fish Oils, Hemostasis, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Preoperative Care, Epoprostenol, Eicosapentaenoic Acid
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