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Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. A proposed genetic marker for coronary heart disease risk
Open accessAbstract
In a community-based study of 301 subjects from 61 nuclear families, two distinct phenotypes (denoted A and B) were identified by nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoretic analysis of low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses. Phenotype A was characterized by predominance of large, buoyant LDL particles, and phenotype B consisted of a major peak of small, dense LDL particles. Previous analysis of the family data by complex segregation analysis demonstrated that these phenotypes appear to be inherited as a single-gene trait. In the present study, the phenotypes were found to be closely associated with variations in plasma levels of other lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein measurements. Specifically, phenotype B was associated with increases in plasma levels of triglyceride and apolipoprotein B, with mass of very low and intermediate density lipoproteins, and with decreases in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, HDL2 mass, and plasma levels of apolipoprotein A-I. Thus, the proposed genetic locus responsible for LDL subclass phenotypes also results in an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype.
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“Epidemiological studies vary as to the independent association between large or small LDL and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (30).”
From Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2012) · cites this paper as [30]
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“it is less widely appreciated that fasting levels from as low as ∼1.2 mmol/L (∼100 mg/dL) can be associated with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include accumulation of TRL and remnants,14 as well as increased cardiovascular disease events15,16 (Figure 1).”
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“TRL and TRL remnants accumulate in the plasma at fasting TG levels >1.2 mmol/L (>100 mg/dL).”
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Cited by
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Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome
Wajchenberg, B. L. (2000) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.21.6.0415 · Cited by 2,961
“The presence of an increased proportion of small, dense LDL particles has been related to an increased risk for coronary heart disease (301).”
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“The combination of high triglyceride, low HDL cholesterol levels and small, dense LDL particles has been termed the “atherogenic lipid triad”; it has been recognized as a major CVD risk factor (17, 18, 196, 198).”
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Austin, M. A., King, M. C., Vranizan, K. M., & Krauss, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1990-08
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 495-506
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2089286420
- Cited by
- 1,411
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 39
- FWCI
- 47.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC03-?, AC03-76SF00098, DEAC03-76SF00098)
- National Institutes of Health (7r29hl038760-03, 5p01hl018574-26, DE-AC03- 76SF00098)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL38760, HL-18574)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, LDL subclasses, low-density lipoprotein, coronary heart disease risk, genetic markers, single-gene inheritance, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A-I, HDL cholesterol, HDL2, triglycerides, VLDL, intermediate density lipoprotein
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Arteriosclerosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Mapping, Coronary Disease, Female, Genetic Markers, Humans, Lipids, Lipoproteins, Cholesterol, HDL, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Multivariate Analysis
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