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Atrial enlargement as a consequence of atrial fibrillation. A prospective echocardiographic study.
Open accessAbstract
To test the hypothesis that atrial enlargement can develop as a consequence of atrial fibrillation, left and right atrial dimensions were measured echocardiographically at two different time points in patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients were selected who initially had normal atrial sizes and who had no evidence of significant structural or functional cardiac abnormalities other than atrial fibrillation either by history or two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Fifteen patients were studied (12 men and three women; mean age, 67.3 years). Average time between studies was 20.6 months. Three orthogonal left atrial dimensions and two right atrial dimensions were measured, and all were found to increase significantly between studies. Also, highly significant increases in calculated left atrial volume (from 45.2 to 64.1 cm3, p less than 0.001) and right atrial volume (from 49.2 to 66.2 cm3, p less than 0.001) were observed. The relative extents of left and right atrial volume increase did not differ, and left ventricular size did not change significantly between studies. These results indicate that atrial enlargement can occur as a consequence of atrial fibrillation. The maintenance of sinus rhythm, therefore, may prevent atrial enlargement and its adverse clinical effects.
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Arad, M., Shotan, A., Weinberger, A., et al. (2001) · Cardiology · doi:10.1159/000047349 · Cited by 7
Management of atrial fibrillation in the emergency department
Crozier, I., Melton, I., & Pearson, S. M. (2003) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1445-5994.2003.00356.x · Cited by 7
Doppler Echocardiography in Suspected Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Galanti, G., Bertini, G., Olivo, G., et al. (1998) · Angiology · doi:10.1177/000331979804900808 · Cited by 7
Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: Prognostic Significance and Management
Naccarelli, G. V., Hynes, B. J., Wolbrette, D. L., et al. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-2137-2_5 · Cited by 7
Mohyeldin, M., Abdelghafar, A., Allu, S., et al. (2024) · Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.31083/j.rcm2512435 · Cited by 6
“In patients with AF, the right atrium undergoes progressive enlargement and dysfunction due to irregular and rapid electrical activity [13].”
AI assisted focused cardiac ultrasound in preventive cardiology – a perspective
Cohen, I., Lakritz, A., & Maor, E. (2025) · npj Cardiovascular Health · doi:10.1038/s44325-025-00063-9 · Cited by 7
“Given that AF is associated with structural changes in the heart — especially concerning left atrial function and remodeling 77 – 79 — it is posited that applying machine learning algorithms to echocardiographic scans in sinus rhythm could effectively uncover patients with undiagnosed AF.”
Clerici, B., Casazza, G., Russo, A. G., Massironi, L., Moreo, A. M., Dadone, V., Birocchi, S., Bursi, F., Bonelli, A., Mattiello, P., et al. (2026) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2026.106785 · Cited by 6
Budaraju, D., Neelapu, B. C., Pal, K., & Sivaraman, J. (2023) · Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1515/bmt-2022-0430 · Cited by 6
Mohsen, Y., Rottländer, D., Großmann, N., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2024.1382570 · Cited by 6
Impact of Tricuspid Regurgitation on Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Weyand, S., Adam, V., Biehler, P., Hägele, P., Hanger, S., Löbig, S., Pinchuk, A., Ausbuettel, F., Waechter, C., & Seizer, P. (2025) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/jce.16615 · Cited by 6
“This appears to be in addition to the right atrial enlargement, which is commonly observed in patients with atrial fibrillation [24].”
Segan, L. A., Prabhu, S., Nanayakkara, S., Taylor, A., Hare, J., Crowley, R. F., William, J., Cho, K. K., Lim, M. W., Koh, Y., et al. (2025) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2025.04.002 · Cited by 7
Hayashi, H., Naka, Y., Sanchez, J. E., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.healun.2020.08.020 · Cited by 6
Yaftian, P., Bandari, N., Dargahi, J., et al. (2022) · Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · doi:10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871562 · Cited by 6
“The catheter was fabricated to have length of 40mm and a diameter of 3mm which replicates the 18-Fr clinical catheters [18].”
MethodROLE OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN THE EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Dent, J. M. (1996) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70303-9 · Cited by 6
Ablating Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Successfully
Krummen, D. E., & Narayan, S. M. (2012) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-012-0296-4 · Cited by 5
“Left atrial size increases with AF duration [15].”
BackgroundCho, I., Chang, H., Chung, H., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145461 · Cited by 6
A Simple, Non-Invasive Score to Predict Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Kallenberger, S. M., Schmid, C. D., Wiedmann, F., Mereles, D., Katus, H. A., Thomas, D., & Schmidt, C. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163621 · Cited by 6
Atrial Fibrillation Begets Mitral Regurgitation, or Is it Vice Versa?
Thomas, J. D., & Raissi, S. R. (2017) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2017.11.008 · Cited by 6
“(6) proposed atrial remodeling and AF and then several studies suggested the atrial FMR concept, we have not seen any well-designed randomized clinical trial to address such a paradigm.”
BackgroundDursun, İ., Kul, S., Bayraktar, A., Erkan, H., Turan, T., Sayın, M. R., & Korkmaz, L. (2019) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2019.03.007 · Cited by 6
Clinical and Echocardiographic Profile of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in Nigeria
Ajayi, E. A., Adeyeye, V. O., & Adeoti, A. O. (2016) · JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE · Cited by 6
Akutsu, Y., Tanno, K., & Kobayashi, Y. (2012) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.4022/jafib.509 · Cited by 6
Atrial Calpains: Mediators of Atrialmyopathies in Atrial Fibrillation.
Bukowska, A., Lendeckel, U., & Goette, A. (2014) · PubMed Central · doi:10.4022/jafib.1021 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Sanfilippo, A. J., Abascal, V. M., Sheehan, M., Oertel, L. B., Harrigan, P., Hughes, R. A., & Weyman, A. E.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1990-09
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 792-797
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2102450596
- Cited by
- 739
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 7.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Keywords
- atrial fibrillation, atrial enlargement, left atrial volume, right atrial volume, left atrial diameter, left ventricular dimensions, sinus rhythm maintenance, atrial remodeling
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Echocardiography, Female, Heart Atria, Cardiomegaly, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve Insufficiency, Myocardium, Prospective Studies, Observer Variation
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