Intermittent Claudication: A Risk Profile From The Framingham Heart Study
Abstract
Background Intermittent claudication identifies persons at increased risk for death and disability. Methods and results Using 38-year follow-up data for the original cohort in the Framingham Heart Study, we developed an intermittent claudication risk profile. Intermittent claudication occurred in a total of 381 men and women. Age, sex, serum cholesterol, hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes, and coronary heart disease were associated with an increased risk for claudication and were included in the profile. A pooled logistic regression model was used to compute the probability of intermittent claudication for specified levels of risk factors. Conclusions The intermittent claudication risk profile allows physicians to identify high-risk individuals during a routine office visit and can be used to educate patients about modifiable risk factors, particularly smoking and blood pressure. Improved compliance with risk factor modification strategies may result in a beneficial impact on survival.
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The risk for PAD in people with diabetes is higher than that in people without diabetes.
“The risk for PAD in people with diabetes is higher than that in people without diabetes (230-232).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [232]
The risk for peripheral artery disease in people with diabetes is higher than in people without diabetes.
“The risk for PAD in people with diabetes is higher than that in people without diabetes (220–222).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 (2026) · cites this paper as [222]
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Self-citationIntermittent claudication, heart disease risk factors, and mortality. The Whitehall Study.
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General Cardiovascular Risk Profile for Use in Primary Care: The Framingham Heart Study
D’Agostino, R. B., Vasan, R. S., Pencina, M. J., Wolf, P. A., Cobain, M., Massaro, J. M., & Kannel, W. B. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.699579 · Cited by 7,491 · see citing works
Self-citationEpidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease
Criqui, M. H., & Aboyans, V. (2015) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.116.303849 · Cited by 1,785 · see citing works
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10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026
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Self-citationEthnicity and peripheral arterial disease
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- Authors
- Murabito, J. M., D’Agostino, R. B., Silbershatz, H., & Wilson, P. W. F.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 44-49
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2012905414
- Cited by
- 696
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 6.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc038038-022)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC-38038)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Peripheral Artery Disease Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- intermittent claudication, peripheral arterial disease, risk factors, risk profile, serum cholesterol, hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, risk factor control
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cholesterol, Coronary Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypertension, Intermittent Claudication, Male, Massachusetts, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Risk Factors, Smoking, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Sex Distribution, Risk Assessment, Diabetes Complications
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