Oral contraceptives and hypertension.
Open accessAbstract
Oral contraceptives result in a mild elevation of blood pressure in most women and overt hypertension in about 5%. Both estrogen and progestogen are responsible for the blood pressure effect, but the mechanism is as yet unknown. The risk of cardiovascular complications is found primarily in women over 35 years of age and in those who smoke. Preparations with an estrogen content of 30 g and a progestogen content of 1 mg or less appear to be safe.
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Cessation of estrogen use typically leads to a return to baseline blood pressure within 2 to 12 months, but proteinuria may persist.
“Cessation of estrogen use typically leads to a return to baseline BP within 2 to 12 months, but proteinuria may persist.209,210”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [209]
Epidemiological studies of high-dose estrogen use found mean elevations in systolic blood pressure of 3 to 6 mm Hg, with ≈5% of women developing new hypertension.
“Epidemiological studies of high-dose estrogen use found mean elevations in SBP of 3 to 6 mm Hg, with ≈5% of women developing new hypertension.209”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [209]
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- Authors
- Woods, J. W.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Woods, J W
- Venue
- Hypertension
- Published
- 1988-03
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3_pt_2
- Pages
- II11-5
- ISSN
- 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4563
- OpenAlex
- W1969269190
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Keywords
- oral contraceptives, elevated blood pressure, estrogen, progestogens, cardiovascular risk, smoking, women over 35, contraceptive safety
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Progestins, Risk Factors, Rats
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