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Abdominal Obesity and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study
Abstract
Background and Purpose— Obesity is well recognized as a risk factor for coronary heart disease and mortality. The relationship between abdominal obesity and ischemic stroke remains less clear. Our aim was to evaluate abdominal obesity as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke in a multiethnic community. Methods— A population-based, incident case-control study was conducted July 1993 through June 1997 in northern Manhattan, New York, NY. Cases (n=576) of first ischemic stroke (66% ≥65 years of age; 56% women; 17% whites; 26% blacks; 55% Hispanics) were enrolled and matched by age, sex, and race-ethnicity to stroke-free community controls (n=1142). All subjects were interviewed and examined and had measurements of waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Odds ratios (ORs) of ischemic stroke were calculated with gender-specific quartiles (GQs) and gender-specific medians of WHR adjusted for stroke risk factors and body mass index (BMI). Results— Compared with the first quartile, the third and fourth quartiles of WHR had an increased risk of stroke (GQ3: OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.5 to 3.9; GQ4: OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.8 to 4.8) adjusted for other risk factors and BMI. Those with WHR equal to or greater than the median had an overall OR of 3.0 (95% CI, 2.1 to 4.2) for ischemic stroke even after adjustment for other risk factors and BMI. Increased WHR was associated with a greater risk of stroke in men and women and in all race-ethnic groups. The effect of WHR was stronger among younger persons (test for heterogeneity, P <0.0002) (<65 years of age: OR, 4.4; 95%CI, 2.2 to 9.0; ≥65 years of age: OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4 to 3.2). WHR was associated with an increased risk among those with and without large-artery atherosclerotic stroke. Conclusions— Abdominal obesity is an independent, potent risk factor for ischemic stroke in all race-ethnic groups. It is a stronger risk factor than BMI and has a greater effect among younger persons. Prevention of obesity and weight reduction need greater emphasis in stroke prevention programs.
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“Individuals with a waist-to-hip ratio equal to or greater than the median had an overall odds ratio (OR) of 3.0 (95% CI, 2.1 to 4.2) for ischemic stroke even after adjustment for other risk factors and BMI.”
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Suk, S.-H., Sacco, R. L., Boden-Albala, B., Cheun, J. F., Pittman, J. G., Elkind, M. S., & Paik, M. C.
- Affiliations
- Wonkwang University (KR)
- Venue
- Stroke
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1586-1592
- ISSN
- 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4628
- OpenAlex
- W1972527308
- Cited by
- 420
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 13.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Stroke (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wonkwang University
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS029993, R01-NS 29993)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- abdominal obesity, ischemic stroke, waist-to-hip ratio, stroke risk factors, body mass index, large artery atherosclerotic stroke, racial and ethnic differences, age differences, multi-ethnic communities, Northern Manhattan, young adults, sex differences, community control, body fat distribution, cardiovascular risk stratification, stroke prevention, stroke rehabilitation
- MeSH terms
- Abdomen, Aged, Black or African American, Body Constitution, Brain Ischemia, Demography, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, New York City, Obesity, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Odds Ratio, Case-Control Studies, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Stroke, Black People, White People
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