The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 489 of the 489 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Women: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
Open accessAbstract
Purpose—: The aim of this statement is to summarize data on stroke risk factors that are unique to and more common in women than men and to expand on the data provided in prior stroke guidelines and cardiovascular prevention guidelines for women. This guideline focuses on the risk factors unique to women, such as reproductive factors, and those that are more common in women, including migraine with aura, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and atrial fibrillation. Methods—: Writing group members were nominated by the committee chair on the basis of their previous work in relevant topic areas and were approved by the American Heart Association (AHA) Stroke Council’s Scientific Statement Oversight Committee and the AHA’s Manuscript Oversight Committee. The panel reviewed relevant articles on adults using computerized searches of the medical literature through May 15, 2013. The evidence is organized within the context of the AHA framework and is classified according to the joint AHA/American College of Cardiology and supplementary AHA Stroke Council methods of classifying the level of certainty and the class and level of evidence. The document underwent extensive AHA internal peer review, Stroke Council Leadership review, and Scientific Statements Oversight Committee review before consideration and approval by the AHA Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee. Results—: We provide current evidence, research gaps, and recommendations on risk of stroke related to preeclampsia, oral contraceptives, menopause, and hormone replacement, as well as those risk factors more common in women, such as obesity/metabolic syndrome, atrial fibrillation, and migraine with aura. Conclusions—: To more accurately reflect the risk of stroke in women across the lifespan, as well as the clear gaps in current risk scores, we believe a female-specific stroke risk score is warranted.
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“The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activity at least 40 min a day, 3 to 4 days per week, to prevent stroke.12,13”
From Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“The AHA guideline for preventing stroke in women identified physical inactivity as a risk factor with similar prevalence in men and women but with an unknown difference in effect by sex.13”
From Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Our results also support recommendations found in stroke prevention guidelines,12,13 that moderate to vigorous physical activity at a moderate frequency (3–4 times per week) reduces risk of stroke.”
From Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“in women, AF is associated with worse symptoms and quality of life,10–12 and increased risk of complications such as stroke13 and mortality,14 compared with men.”
From Atrial fibrillation in women: epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, and prognosis (2016) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Multiple longitudinal studies have evaluated whether an interaction exists between sex and AF-related risk of mortality, but the results have not been consistent (Supplementary Table S10).”
From Atrial fibrillation in women: epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, and prognosis (2016) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Findings from our review are consistent with European and American evidence based guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease that highlighted pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth as adverse pregnancy outcomes that potentially increase the risk of cardiovascular disease”
From Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review (2020) · cites this paper as [133]
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Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Delling, F. N., Deo, R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000558 · Cited by 7,146
Self-citationHeart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2015 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., Howard, V. J., et al. (2015) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000152 · Cited by 5,797
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Bushnell, C., McCullough, L. D., Awad, I. A., Chireau, M. V., Fedder, W. N., Furie, K. L., Howard, V. J., Lichtman, J. H., Lisabeth, L. D., Piña, I. L., Reeves, M. J., Rexrode, K. M., Saposnik, G., Singh, V., Towfighi, A., Vaccarino, V., & Walters, M. R.
- Affiliations
- American Association of Neurological Surgeons (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Stroke
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1545-1588
- ISSN
- 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4628
- PMC
- PMC10152977
- OpenAlex
- W1988919748
- Semantic Scholar
- eba52923a80ca4f7c2a0eeb2fdb5bd1947338f64
- Cited by
- 941
- References
- 489
- Citations by year
- 2026: 57 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 87 · 2014: 45
- FWCI
- 75.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Stroke (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Institutes of Health (5k02ns058760-04)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (K02-NS058760)
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Keywords
- stroke prevention, women, stroke risk factors, reproductive factors, preeclampsia, oral contraceptives, menopause, hormone replacement therapy, obesity, metabolic syndrome, atrial fibrillation, migraine with aura
- MeSH terms
- American Heart Association, Female, Humans, Societies, Medical, United States, Women's Health, Guidelines as Topic, Stroke
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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