Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Concepts and Controversies

Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke

EAFT (European Atrial Fibrillation Trial) Study Group (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)92358-z · Cited by 1,877

PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, RANDOMISED TRIAL OF WARFARIN AND ASPIRIN FOR PREVENTION OF THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS IN CHRONIC ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Petersen, P., GODTFREDSEN, J., Boysen, G., Andersen, E. D., & Andersen, B. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91200-2 · Cited by 1,814

Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Study. Final results.

Prevention, S., & Atrial Fibrillation Investigators (1991) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.84.2.527 · Cited by 1,696

Antithrombotic Therapy To Prevent Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Hart, R. G., Benavente, O., McBride, R., & Pearce, L. A. (1999) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00003 · Cited by 1,636

The Effect of Low-Dose Warfarin on the Risk of Stroke in Patients with Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation

The Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Investigators* (1990) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199011293232201 · Cited by 1,525

Adjusted-dose warfarin versus low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation III randomised clinical trial

(1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)03487-3 · Cited by 1,085

Risk Factors for Intracranial Hemorrhage in Outpatients Taking Warfarin

Hylek, E. M., & Singer, D. E. (1994) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00001 · Cited by 915

An Analysis of the Lowest Effective Intensity of Prophylactic Anticoagulation for Patients with Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation

Hylek, E. M., Skates, S. J., Sheehan, M. A., & Singer, D. E. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199608223350802 · Cited by 789

Stroke with intermittent atrial fibrillation: incidence and predictors during aspirin therapy

Hart, R. G., Pearce, L. A., Rothbart, R. M., McAnulty, J. H., ASINGER, R. W., & Halperin, J. L. (2000) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00489-1 · Cited by 662

Warfarin Use among Ambulatory Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: The AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study

Go, A. S., Hylek, E. M., Borowsky, L. H., Phillips, K. A., Selby, J. V., & Singer, D. E. (1999) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-131-12-199912210-00004 · Cited by 586

Transesophageal Echocardiographic Correlates of Clinical Risk of Thromboembolism in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

Zabalgoitia, M., Halperin, J. L., Pearce, L. A., Blackshear, J. L., ASINGER, R. W., & Hart, R. G. (1998) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00146-6 · Cited by 550

An analysis of the lowest effective intensity of prophylactic anticoagulation for patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation

Hylek, E. M. (1997) · ACC Current Journal Review · doi:10.1016/s1062-1458(97)83303-x · Cited by 539

Factors Associated With Ischemic Stroke During Aspirin Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation

Hart, R. G., Pearce, L. A., McBride, R., Rothbart, R. M., & ASINGER, R. W. (1999) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.30.6.1223 · Cited by 532

Transesophageal Echocardiographic Correlates of Thromboembolism in High-Risk Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

(1998) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-8-199804150-00005 · Cited by 510

Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and eligibility for anticoagulants in the community

Sudlow, M., Thomson, R., Thwaites, B. C., Rodgers, H., & Kenny, R. A. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)01401-9 · Cited by 382

Pathophysiologic Correlates of Thromboembolism in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: I. Reduced Flow Velocity in the Left Atrial Appendage (The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation [SPAF-III] Study)

Goldman, M. E., Pearce, L. A., Hart, R. G., Zabalgoitia, M., ASINGER, R. W., Safford, R. E., & Halperin, J. L. (1999) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/s0894-7317(99)70105-7 · Cited by 366

Patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at low risk of stroke during treatment with aspirin: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation III Study

The SPAF III Writing Committee for the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators (1998) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.279.16.1273 · Cited by 315

Major bleeding during anticoagulation after cerebral ischemia

Gorter, J. W., (SPIRIT), F. T. S. P. I. R. I. T., & Groups, E. A. F. T. (. S. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.53.6.1319 · Cited by 307

Warfarin-associated hemorrhage and cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A genetic and pathologic study

Rosand, J., Hylek, E. M., O’Donnell, H. C., & Greenberg, S. M. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.7.947 · Cited by 305

Fixed Minidose Warfarin and Aspirin Alone and in Combination vs Adjusted-Dose Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation

Gulløv, A. L., Koefoed, B. G., Petersen, P., Pedersen, T. S., Andersen, E. D., GODTFREDSEN, J., & Boysen, G. (1998) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.158.14.1513 · Cited by 301

Echocardiographic assessment of the left atrial appendage

Agmon, Y., Khandheria, B. K., Gentile, F., & Seward, J. B. (1999) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00472-6 · Cited by 295

Optimal Intensity of Warfarin Therapy for Secondary Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

Yamaguchi, T. (2000) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.31.4.817 · Cited by 287

Atrial Fibrillation and Thromboembolism: A Decade of Progress in Stroke Prevention

Hart, R. G., & Halperin, J. L. (1999) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-131-9-199911020-00010 · Cited by 268

Cardioembolic vs. Noncardioembolic Strokes in Atrial Fibrillation: Frequency and Effect of Antithrombotic Agents in the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Studies

Hart, R. G., Pearce, L. A., Miller, V. T., Anderson, D. C., Rothrock, J. F., Albers, G. W., & Nasco, E. M. (2000) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000016023 · Cited by 267

Atrial fibrillation and stroke: new ideas, persisting dilemmas

Halperin, J. L., & Hart, R. G. (1988) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.19.8.937 · Cited by 231

Primary prevention of arterial thromboembolism in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation in primary care: randomised controlled trial comparing two intensities of coumarin with aspirin

Hellemons, B. S. P., Langenberg, M., Lodder, J., Vermeer, F., Schouten, H. J. A., Lemmens, T., van Ree, J. W., & Knottnerus, J. A. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7215.958 · Cited by 226

Contrast sonography for detection of vesicoureteral reflux

Kaneko, K., Kuwatsuru, R., Fukuda, Y., Yamataka, A., Yabuta, K., Katayama, H., & Miyano, T. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92123-7 · Cited by 222

Indobufen Versus Warfarin in the Secondary Prevention of Major Vascular Events in Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation

Morocutti, C., Amabile, G. A., Fattapposta, F., Nicolosi, A., Matteoli, S., Trappolini, M., Cataldo, G., Milanesi, G., Lavezzari, M., Pamparana, F., et al. (1997) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.28.5.1015 · Cited by 198

Transesophageal Echocardiography To Assess Embolic Risk in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Stöllberger, C., Chnupa, P., Kronik, G., Brainin, M., Finsterer, J., Schneider, B., & Slany, J. (1998) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-8-199804150-00004 · Cited by 169

Implementing evidence based medicine in general practice: audit and qualitative study of antithrombotic treatment for atrial fibrillation

Howitt, A. J., & Armstrong, D. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7194.1324 · Cited by 169

Ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation

Miller, V. T., Rothrock, J. F., Pearce, L. A., Feinberg, W. M., Hart, R. G., & Anderson, D. C. (1993) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.43.1_part_1.32 · Cited by 156

Markers of Thrombin and Platelet Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Feinberg, W. M., Pearce, L. A., Hart, R. G., Cushman, M., Cornell, E. S., Lip, G. Y. H., & Bovill, E. G. (1999) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.30.12.2547 · Cited by 139

Temporal Trends in the Use of Anticoagulants Among Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation

Smith, N. L., Psaty, B. M., Furberg, C. D., White, R., Lima, J. A. C., Newman, A. B., & Manolio, T. A. (1999) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.159.14.1574 · Cited by 111

Effectiveness of fixed minidose warfarin in the prevention of thromboembolism and vascular death in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation∗∗The investigators and institutions participating in the study are listed in the Appendix.

Pengo, V., Zasso, A., Barbero, F., Banzato, A., Nante, G., Parissenti, L., John, N., Noventa, F., & Volta, S. D. (1998) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00357-9 · Cited by 109

Assessment of three schemes for stratifying stroke risk in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

Pearce, L. A., Hart, R. G., & Halperin, J. L. (2000) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(00)00440-x · Cited by 105

Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation II Study.

Connolly, S. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 69

Atrial fibrillation and stroke. Revisiting the dilemmas.

Hart, R. G., & Halperin, J. L. (1994) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.25.7.1337 · Cited by 55

Intensity of Anticoagulation To Prevent Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Hart, R. G. (1998) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-5-199803010-00012 · Cited by 42

Using anticoagulation or aspirin to prevent stroke. Anticoagulation has a major role in primary prevention of stroke in general practice.

Mant, J., Fitzmaurice, D., Murray, E., & Hobbs, R. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 7

Microcatheter intrathecal urokinase infusion into cisterna magna for prevention of cerebral vasospasm

Hayashi, Y., Kai, Y., Mohri, M., Uchiyama, N., & Hamada, J. (2008) · Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-75718-5_65 · Cited by 5

Very Low-intensity Anticoagulant Therapy in Elderly Cardioembolic Stroke Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Nagao, T., Hamamoto, M., Kanda, A., Miyazaki, T., & Terashi, A. (1994) · Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi Japanese Journal of Geriatrics · doi:10.3143/geriatrics.31.711 · Cited by 1

ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): Developed in Collaboration With the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society

Fuster, V., Rydén, L. E., Cannom, D. S., Crijns, H. J., Curtis, A. B., Ellenbogen, K. A., Halperin, J. L., Le Heuzey, J.-Y., Kay, G. N., Lowe, J. E., et al. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.177292 · Cited by 2,805

New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on

Nattel, S. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415219a · Cited by 1,481

ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation—Executive Summary

Fuster, V., Rydén, L., Cannom, D. S., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Curtis, A. B., Ellenbogen, K. A., Halperin, J. L., Heuzey, J. L., Kay, G. N., Lowe, J. E., et al. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.07.009 · Cited by 1,161

Contribution of Atrial Fibrillation to Incidence and Outcome of Ischemic Stroke: Results From a Population-Based Study

Marini, C., De Santis, F., Sacco, S., Russo, T., Olivieri, L., Totaro, R., & Carolei, A. (2005) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000166053.83476.4a · Cited by 949

2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Updates Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

Fuster, V., Rydén, L., Cannom, D. S., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Curtis, A. B., Ellenbogen, K. A., Halperin, J. L., Kay, G. N., Huezey, J.-Y. L., Lowe, J. E., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.013 · Cited by 928

Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation

Extramiana, F., & Maison‐Blanche, P. (2015) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.007809 · Cited by 7

Atrial Fibrillation and Mechanisms of Stroke: Time for a New Model

Kamel, H., Okin, P. M., Elkind, M. S. V., & Iadecola, C. (2016) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.012004 · Cited by 627

Atrial Fibrillation and the Risk of Stroke

Patel, P. J., & Deo, R. (2015) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.115.003367

Atrial fibrillation and stroke. Revisiting the dilemmas.

Hart, R. G., & Halperin, J. L. (1994) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.25.7.1337 · Cited by 55

Atrial Fibrillation and Cognition

AnnaPoggesi, DomenicoInzitari, & LeonardoPantoni (2015) · Stroke