The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Importance of Population-Wide Sodium Reduction as a Means to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: A Call to Action From the American Heart Association
Open accessAbstract
B lood pressure (BP)-related diseases, specifically, stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and kidney disease, are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and throughout the world.In the United States, coronary heart disease and stroke are the leading causes of mortality, whereas heart failure is the leading cause of hospitalizations. 1 Concurrently, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease remains high and is escalating.2,3 The direct and indirect costs of these conditions are staggering, over $400 billion just for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in 2009.1,4 The human consequences are likewise enormous.The relation between BP and adverse health outcomes is direct and progressive with no evidence of a threshold, that is, the risk of CVD, stroke, and end-stage kidney disease increases progressively throughout the range of usual BP starting at a level of Ϸ115/75 mm Hg. [5][6][7] Overall, elevated BP is the second leading modifiable cause of death, accounting for an estimated 395 000 preventable deaths in the United States in 2005.8 Worldwide, elevated BP accounts for 54% of stroke and 47% of coronary heart disease events; importantly, about half of these events occur in persons without hypertension.9 The 2020 goal of the American Heart Association (AHA) is to improve the cardiovascular heath of all Americans by 20% while continuing to reduce deaths from CVD and stroke by 20%. 4 Two of the key metrics for ideal cardiovascular health are a BP of Ͻ120/80 mm Hg and sodium consumption of Ͻ1500 mg/d.The purpose of this advisory is 2-fold: first is to highlight the impressive body of evidence that links sodium intake with elevated BP and other adverse outcomes, and second, to serve as a call to action on behalf of the AHA for individuals, healthcare providers, professional organizations, governments, and industry to address this major public health issue.See Table for key points.
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Cites
Chobanian, A. V., Bakris, G. L., Black, H. R., Cushman, W. C., Green, L. A., Izzo, J. L., Jones, D. W., Materson, B. J., Oparil, S., Wright, J. T., et al. (2003) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000107251.49515.c2 · Cited by 13,271
Sacks, F. M., Svetkey, L. P., Vollmer, W. M., Appel, L. J., Bray, G. A., Harsha, D., Obarzanek, E., Conlin, P. R., Miller, E. R., Simons-Morton, D. G., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200101043440101 · Cited by 5,638
Self-citationPrevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States
Coresh, J., Selvin, E., Stevens, L. A., Manzi, J., Kusek, J. W., Eggers, P., Van Lente, F., & Levey, A. S. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.17.2038 · Cited by 4,895
Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Hong, Y., Labarthe, D., Mozaffarian, D., Appel, L. J., Van Horn, L., Greenlund, K., Daniels, S., Nichol, G., Tomaselli, G. F., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.192703 · Cited by 4,750
Self-citationWRITING GROUP MEMBERS, Lloyd-Jones, D., Adams, R., Carnethon, M., De Simone, G., Ferguson, T. B., Flegal, K., Ford, E., Furie, K., Go, A., et al. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.191261 · Cited by 3,140
Self-citationDanaei, G., Ding, E. L., Mozaffarian, D., Taylor, B., Rehm, J., Murray, C. J. L., & Ezzati, M. (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000058 · Cited by 2,860
The clinical implications of endothelial dysfunction
Widlansky, M. E., Gokce, N., Keaney, J. F., & Vita, J. A. (2003) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00994-x · Cited by 1,749
Prognostic Value of Coronary Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction
Halcox, J. P. J., Schenke, W. H., Zalos, G., Mincemoyer, R., Prasad, A., Waclawiw, M. A., Nour, K. R. A., & Quyyumi, A. A. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000025404.78001.d8 · Cited by 1,385
Projected effect of dietary salt reductions on future cardiovascular disease
Bibbins-Domingo, K., Chertow, G. M., Coxson, P. G., Moran, A., Lightwood, J. M., Pletcher, M. J., & Goldman, L. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0907355 · Cited by 1,253
Cited by
Smith, S. C., Benjamin, E. J., Bonow, R. O., Braun, L. T., Creager, M. A., Franklin, B. A., Gibbons, R. J., Grundy, S. M., Hiratzka, L. F., Jones, D. W., et al. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e318235eb4d · Cited by 1,759
Self-citationNutrition Therapy for Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Consensus Report
Evert, A. B., Dennison, M., Gardner, C. D., Garvey, W. T., Lau, K. H. K., MacLeod, J., Mitri, J., Pereira, R. F., Rawlings, K., Robinson, S., et al. (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci19-0014 · Cited by 1,496
Sodium chloride drives autoimmune disease by the induction of pathogenic TH17 cells
Kleinewietfeld, M., Manzel, A., Titze, J., Kvakan, H., Yosef, N., Linker, R. A., Muller, D. N., & Hafler, D. A. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11868 · Cited by 1,394
Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes
Evert, A. B., Boucher, J. L., Cypress, M., Dunbar, S. A., Franz, M. J., Mayer-Davis, E. J., Neumiller, J. J., Nwankwo, R., Verdi, C. L., Urbanski, P., et al. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-2042 · Cited by 1,129
Fihn, S. D., Gardin, J. M., Abrams, J., Berra, K., Blankenship, J. C., Dallas, A. P., Douglas, P. S., Foody, J. M., Gerber, T. C., Hinderliter, A. L., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e318277d6a0 · Cited by 845
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Appel, L. J., Frohlich, E. D., Hall, J. E., Pearson, T. A., Sacco, R. L., Seals, D. R., Sacks, F. M., Smith, S. C., Vafiadis, D. K., & Van Horn, L. V.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2011-03-15
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1138-1143
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2047423571
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 17
- FWCI
- 39.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Appel, L. J., Frohlich, E. D., Hall, J. E., Pearson, T. A., Sacco, R. L., Seals, D. R., Sacks, F. M., Smith, S. C., Vafiadis, D. K., & Van Horn, L. V. (2011). The Importance of Population-Wide Sodium Reduction as a Means to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: A Call to Action From the American Heart Association. Circulation. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0b013e31820d0793
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
