Cited by 2,235Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyPhysical Activity and HealthPhysical Education and Training Studies

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Exercise Standards for Testing and Training: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Fletcher, Gerald F., Ades, Philip A., Kligfield, Paul, Arena, Ross, Balady, Gary J., Bittner, Vera A., Coke, Lola A., Fleg, Jerome L., Forman, Daniel E., Gerber, Thomas C., Gulati, Martha, Madan, Kushal, Rhodes, Jonathan, Thompson, Paul D., Williams, Mark A.·2013·Circulation

DOI 10.1161/cir.0b013e31829b5b44

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Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
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Prevalence and Trends in Obesity Among US Adults, 1999-2008
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Physical Activity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for Adults From the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association
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Self-citation
Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults
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“[17] Because maximal exercise testing including measurement of maximal oxygen uptake had not been administered previously to persons with SMA, the feasibility was uncertain at the start of the study.”
Background
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Tkatch, R., Musich, S. A., MacLeod, S., Alsgaard, K., Hawkins, K., & Yeh, C. S. (2016) · Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1177/2333721416667877 · Cited by 67
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Lifestyle Interventions with a Focus on Nutritional Strategies to Increase Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Heart Failure, Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Frailty
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“However, additional benefits occur with more PA [4, 5].”
Background
Determining Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Precision: Compendium of Findings from the FRIEND Registry
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Gjellesvik, T. I., Becker, F., Tjønna, A. E., Indredavik, B., Nilsen, H. O., Brurok, B., Tørhaug, T., Busuladzic, M., Lydersen, S., & Askim, T. (2020) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2020.02.006 · Cited by 57
JCS 2021 Guideline on the Clinical Application of Echocardiography
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Transient ST-Segment Depression During Paroxysms of Atrial Fibrillation in Otherwise Normal Individuals
Androulakis, A. E., Aznaouridis, K. A., Aggeli, C., Roussakis, G., Michaelides, A. P., Kartalis, A. N., Stougiannos, P. N., Dilaveris, P., Misovoulos, P., Stefanadis, C., et al. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.08.005 · Cited by 59
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Reclassification of Risk for Incidence of Heart Failure
MYERS, J. N., Kokkinos, P. F., Chan, K., Dandekar, E. M., Yilmaz, B. Ö., Nagare, A., Faselis, C. J., & Soofi, M. A. (2017) · Circulation Heart Failure · doi:10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003780 · Cited by 56
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Forman, D. E., de Lemos, J. A., Shaw, L. J., Reuben, D. B., Lyubarova, R., Peterson, E. D., Spertus, J. A., Zieman, S. J., Salive, M. E., & Rich, M. W. (2020) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.055 · Cited by 57
“, Balke or Naughton) when appropriate (107).”
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Evidence-based risk recommendations for best practices in the training of qualified exercise professionals working with clinical populations1This paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Evidence-based risk assessment and recommendations for physical activity clearance, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.
Warburton, D. E. R., Bredin, S. S. D., Charlesworth, S. A., Foulds, H. J. A., McKenzie, D. C., & Shephard, R. J. (2011) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h11-054 · Cited by 60
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“As such, we only invited patients with stable CHF to participate in the study and observed exercise testing contraindications in line with recommended standards.(31) Telerehabilitation assessment may best be suited for patients with some experience in using telerehabilitation technologies, such as those who have compl…”
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“Although this equation was limited in predicting the accurate HRmax, with a high variability of 12 bpm among subjects of identical age, it was still recommended in clinical settings and published in resources by well-established organizations in the field (Fletcher et al., 2013).”
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State of the Art Review
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“most adults with CVD can safely perform physical activity and exercise(59); restrictions to intensity and duration of exercise may be necessary according to the type and severity of disease, and the American Heart Association recommends that adults with CVD consult with their physician before initiating an exercise pr…”
Background
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Soga, K., Masaki, H., Gerber, M., & Ludyga, S. (2018) · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement · doi:10.1007/s41465-018-0079-y · Cited by 56
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Background
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in clinical practice: Principles, applications, and basic interpretation
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“1,13 In general, absolute contraindications for CPET encompass :”
Background
Physical function and exercise training in older patients with heart failure
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“Among them, the Q, R, and S waves compose the QRS-complex, which contains precious clinical information relates to cardiac health [1].”
Background
Combined exercise training improves cognitive functions in multiple sclerosis patients with cognitive impairment: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial
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Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at rest and after acute aerobic exercise in major depressive disorder
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Hybrid comprehensive telerehabilitation in heart failure patients (TELEREH-HF): A randomized, multicenter, prospective, open-label, parallel group controlled trial—Study design and description of the intervention
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Trachsel, L. D., David, L., Gayda, M., Henri, C., Hayami, D., Thorin‐Trescases, N., Thorin, É., Blain, M., Cossette, M., Lalongé, J., et al. (2019) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.23277 · Cited by 52
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Quantifying QRS changes during myocardial ischemia: Insights from high frequency electrocardiography
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“The microvolt highfrequency components of the QRS are typically filtered out by ECG devices, despite the wealth literature on their properties and their potential diagnostic value [2].”
Background
Comparative effects of high intensity interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training on quality of life in patients with heart failure: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Ulbrich, A. Z., Angarten, V. G., Netto, A. S., Sties, S. W., Bündchen, D. C., de Mara, L. S., Cornelissen, V., & de Carvalho, T. (2015) · Clinical Trials and Regulatory Science in Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ctrsc.2015.11.005 · Cited by 56
“However, an exercise training prescription based only on heart rate peak has been shown to overestimate exercise intensity [8,47].”
Background
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Reichlin, T., Abächerli, R., Twerenbold, R., Kühne, M., Schaer, B. A., Mueller, C. E., Sticherling, C., & Osswald, S. (2016) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14303 · Cited by 49
Inflammation and oxidative stress in heart failure: effects of exercise intensity and duration
Ribeiro-Samora, G. A., Rabelo, L. A., Ferreira, A. C., Favero, M., Guedes, G. D. S., Pereira, L. S. M., Parreira, V., & Britto, R. R. (2017) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/1414-431x20176393 · Cited by 49
“The subjects were instructed to continue their usual medication, to refrain from cigarettes and caffeinated food or drinks for 3 h prior to the test, and to avoid physical exercise for 12 h prior to the test (17,18).”
Method
The Influence of Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Short-Term Exercise Training on Mortality Risk From The Ball State Adult Fitness Longitudinal Lifestyle Study
Imboden, M. T., Harber, M. P., WHALEY, M. H., Finch, W. H., Bishop, D. L., Fleenor, B. S., & Kaminsky, L. A. (2019) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.049 · Cited by 48
Effects of Exercise Intensity on Acute Circulating Molecular Responses Poststroke
Boyne, P., Meyrose, C., Westover, J., Whitesel, D., Hatter, K., Reisman, D. S., Carl, D., Khoury, J. C., Gerson, M. C., D, B. M. K. M., et al. (2020) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968319899915 · Cited by 54
Exercise intensity prescription in cardiovascular rehabilitation: bridging the gap between best evidence and clinical practice
Milani, J. G. P. O., Milani, M., Verboven, K., Cipriano, G., & Hansen, D. (2024) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2024.1380639 · Cited by 56
Tele-rehabilitation and hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation are comparable in increasing patient activation and health literacy: A pilot study
Knudsen, M. V., Petersen, A. K., Angel, S., Hjortdal, V. E., Maindal, H. T., & Laustsen, S. (2019) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1177/1474515119885325 · Cited by 46
“4 CABG 10 (42) 29 (55) PCI 7 (29) 17 (32) Valve 7 (29) 9 (17) Comorbidity, no.”
Cardiac rehabilitation in patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators
Iliou, M. C., Blanchard, J. C., Tanguy, A. L., Cristofini, P., & Ledru, F. (2016) · Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease · doi:10.4081/monaldi.2016.756 · Cited by 45
“International guidelines [1,2] are now available for exercise training and rehabilitation in cardiac patients.”
Background
A 45-Second Self-Test for Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Heart Rate-Based Estimation in Healthy Individuals
Sartor, F., Bonato, M., Papini, G. B., Bosio, A., Mohammed, R. A., Bonomi, A., Moore, J. P., Merati, G., Torre, A. L., & Kubis, H. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168154 · Cited by 45
“Moreover, lack of motivation, general discomfort, reduced exercise tolerance, and the occurrence of symptoms can hamper its correct assessment [2].”
Background
Combined Interval Training and Post-exercise Nutrition in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Control Trial
François, M. E., Durrer, C. G., Pistawka, K. J., Halperin, F. A., Chang, C. R., & Little, J. P. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00528 · Cited by 45
“Beginning at 30W, the test increased by 1W every 4 s (15W/min) until volitional exhaustion or contraindication (Fletcher et al., 2013).”
Background
Digitally enhanced recovery: Investigating the use of digital self-tracking for monitoring leisure time physical activity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation
Vogel, J., Auinger, A., Riedl‬, R., Kindermann, H., Helfert, M., & Ocenasek, H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186261 · Cited by 51
Exercise Interventions in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Steinhaus, D. A., Lubitz, S. A., Noseworthy, P. A., & Kramer, D. B. (2019) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention · doi:10.1097/hcr.0000000000000389 · Cited by 51
Aortic Aneurysm
Ehrman, J. K., Fernández, A. B., MYERS, J. N., OH, P. I., Thompson, P. D., & Keteyian, S. J. (2020) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention · doi:10.1097/hcr.0000000000000521 · Cited by 45
Aerobic exercise capacity in long-term survivors of critical illness: secondary analysis of the post-EPaNIC follow-up study
Aerde, N. V., Meersseman, P., Debaveye, Y. A., Wilmer, A. P., Casaer, M. P., Gunst, J., Wauters, J., Wouters, P. J., Goetschalckx, K., Gosselink, R., et al. (2021) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06541-9 · Cited by 44
Cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and cancer mortality in men
Vainshelboim, B., Müller, J., Lima, R. M., Nead, K. T., Chester, C., Chan, K., Kokkinos, P. F., & MYERS, J. N. (2017) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.014 · Cited by 45
“Standard criteria for test termination were used (American College of Sports Medicine., 2014; Fletcher et al., 2013).”
Method
Exercise Capacity and the Obesity Paradox in Heart Failure: The FIT (Henry Ford Exercise Testing) Project
McAuley, P. A., Keteyian, S. J., Brawner, C. A., Dardari, Z., Rifai, M. A., Ehrman, J. K., Al-Mallah, M. H., Whelton, S. P., & Blaha, M. J. (2018) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.01.026 · Cited by 44
The Duke treadmill score with bicycle ergometer: Exercise capacity is the most important predictor of cardiovascular mortality
Salokari, E., Laukkanen, J. A., Lehtimäki, T. J., Kurl, S., Kunutsor, S. K., Zaccardi, F., Viik, J., Lehtinen, R., Nikus, K. C., Kööbi, T., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318804618 · Cited by 44
“The exercise time in minutes was approximated from the maximal METs using a linear approach derived from the scientific statement of the American Heart Association regarding exercise standards for testing and training.(7) The following equation was used: exercise time1⁄4 (METs – 1)/1.”
Method
Antidiabetic Effects of Physical Activity: How It Helps to Control Type 2 Diabetes
Wake, A. D. (2020) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s262289 · Cited by 58
A Message From Modern-Day Healthcare to Physical Activity and Fitness: Welcome Home!
Arena, R. A., Harrington, R. A., & Després, J. (2014) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2014.11.001 · Cited by 44
Blood Pressure Screening by Outpatient Physical Therapists: A Call to Action and Clinical Recommendations
Severin, R., Sabbahi, A., Albarrati, A., Phillips, S. A., & Arena, S. (2020) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzaa034 · Cited by 43
Medical and physiological complications of exercise for individuals with an eating disorder: A narrative review
Quesnel, D. A., Cooper, M., Fernández-del-Valle, M., Reilly, A., & Calogero, R. M. (2023) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-022-00685-9 · Cited by 51
Economic evaluation of exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome
Hautala, A. J., Kiviniemi, A. M., Mäkikallio, T. H., Koistinen, P., Ryynänen, O., Martikainen, J. A., Seppänen, T., Huikuri, H. V., & Tulppo, M. P. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12738 · Cited by 45
“Despite the proven clinical effectiveness of ECR (Fletcher et al., 2013), many patients faced with a coronary artery disease (CAD) do not become or remain regularly active, mainly due to low cardiac rehabilitation referral, uptake, and adherence rates (Kotseva et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethod
Short physical performance battery vs. 6-minute walking test in hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure
Kitai, T., Shimogai, T., Tang, W. H. W., IWATA, K., Xanthopoulos, A. V., Otsuka, S., Nakada, F., Yokoyama, R., Kamiya, K., Saito, H., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal Open · doi:10.1093/ehjopen/oeab006 · Cited by 43
Exercise prescription for symptoms and quality of life improvements in lung cancer patients: a systematic review
Codima, A., das Neves, W., Borges, A. P. D. S., & de Castro, G. (2020) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-020-05499-6 · Cited by 47
The pulmonary artery wedge pressure response to sustained exercise is time-variant in healthy adults
Wright, S. P., Esfandiari, S., Gray, T., Fuchs, F. C., Chelvanathan, A., Chan, W., Sasson, Z., Granton, J. T., Goodman, J. M., & Mak, S. S. (2016) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308592 · Cited by 42
Physical Activity Prescription
Thornton, J. S., Frémont, P., Khan, K., Poirier, P., Fowles, J. R., Wells, G. D., & Frankovich, R. J. (2016) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000363 · Cited by 43
Stable ischemic heart disease in the older adults
Alexander, K. P., Dai, X., Busby‐Whitehead, J., & Forman, D. E. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.17615/gdsp-rx11 · Cited by 45
Aerobic Training Effect on Arterial Stiffness in Metabolic Syndrome
Slivovskaja, I., Ryliškytė, L., Šerpytis, P., Navickas, R., Badarienė, J., Čelutkienė, J., Puronaitė, R., Ryliškienė, K., Čypienė, A., Rinkūnienė, E., et al. (2017) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.07.038 · Cited by 44
A 3-minute test of cardiorespiratory fitness for use in primary care clinics
Guo, Y. M., Bian, J., Li, Q., Leavitt, T., Rosenberg, E. I., Buford, T. W., Smith, M. D., Vincent, H. K., & Modave, F. P. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0201598 · Cited by 42
Head-to-head comparison of diagnostic accuracy of stress-only myocardial perfusion imaging with conventional and cadmium-zinc telluride single-photon emission computed tomography in women with suspected coronary artery disease
Mannarino, T., Assante, R., Ricciardi, C., Zampella, E., Nappi, C., Gaudieri, V., Mainolfi, C. G., Vaia, E. D., Petretta, M., Cesarelli, M., et al. (2019) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-019-01789-7 · Cited by 41
Einsatz von Kraftausdauertraining und Muskelaufbautraining in der kardiologischen Rehabilitation
Bjarnason‐Wehrens, B., Hambrecht, R., Gielen, S., Mayer-Berger, W., Meister, E. R., & Baum, K. (2004) · Zeitschrift für Kardiologie · doi:10.1007/s00392-004-0063-7 · Cited by 42
Effects of exercise training modality on skeletal muscle fatigue in men with coronary heart disease
Gayda, M., Choquet, D., & Ahmaidi, S. (2007) · Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology · doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2007.08.009 · Cited by 43
Neurobiological mechanisms of exercise and psychotherapy in depression: The SPeED study—Rationale, design, and methodological issues
Heinzel, S., Rapp, M. A., Fydrich, T., Ströhle, A., Terán, C., Kallies, G., Schwefel, M., & Heißel, A. (2017) · Clinical Trials · doi:10.1177/1740774517729161 · Cited by 42
“The design of endurance exercise intervention is based on guidelines of the American Heart Association for endurance exercise.(101) Furthermore, recommendations from comparative metaanalyses in MDD regarding duration, frequency, and content of exercises were taken into account.”
Method
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for people with implantable ventricular assist devices
Yamamoto, S., Hotta, K., Ota, E., Matsunaga, A., & Mori, R. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012222.pub2 · Cited by 39
“Fletcher 2013 Fletcher GF, Ades PA, Kligfield P, Arena R, Balady GJ, Bittner VA, et al. Exercise standards for testing and training: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Blood Pressure Responses During Exercise: Physiological Correlates and Clinical Implications
Nayor, M. G., Gajjar, P., Murthy, V. L., Miller, P. E., Velagaleti, R. S., Larson, M. G., Vasan, R. S., Lewis, G. D., Mitchell, G. F., & Shah, R. V. (2022) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.122.318512 · Cited by 40
The role of exercise training in the management of chronic kidney disease
Howden, E. J., Coombes, J. S., & Isbel, N. M. (2015) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/mnh.0000000000000165 · Cited by 40
Prospective Validation of a Biomarker-Based Rule Out Strategy for Functionally Relevant Coronary Artery Disease
Walter, J. E., Honegger, U., Puelacher, C., Mueller, D. L., Wagener, M., Schaerli, N., Strebel, I., Twerenbold, R., Boeddinghaus, J., Nestelberger, T., et al. (2017) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.277210 · Cited by 40
The safety of isometric exercise
Wiles, J. D., Taylor, K. A., Coleman, D. A., Sharma, R., & O’Driscoll, J. M. (2018) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000010105 · Cited by 45
“consumption (MVO2) is known to affect the risk of physical exertion.([31]) The RPP, calculated as HR sBP, provides a good index of MVO2 during upright exercise regardless of distinct differences in the proportional rise in these variables during aerobic and IE.”
Method
Impaired myocardial reserve underlies reduced exercise capacity and heart rate recovery in preterm-born young adults
Huckstep, O. J., Burchert, H. H., Williamson, W., Telles, F., Tan, C., Bertagnolli, M., Arnold, L., Mohamed, A. B., McCormick, K. P., Hanssen, H., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeaa060 · Cited by 41
“Workload then incremented by 15 watts each minute and participants cycled continuously until exhaustion prevented them from maintaining at least 50 revolutions per minute or safety termination criteria were met.(18) Participants then completed a 2-min cool-down period at 50 watts and the revolutions per minute of thei…”
Background
Is a verification phase useful for confirming maximal oxygen uptake in apparently healthy adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Costa, V. A. B., Midgley, A. W., Carroll, S., Astorino, T. A., de Paula, T., Farinatti, P., & da Cunha, F. A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247057 · Cited by 43
Correction factors for the calculation of metabolic equivalents (MET) in overweight to extremely obese subjects
Wilms, B., Ernst, B., Thurnheer, M., Weisser, B., & Schultes, B. (2014) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2014.22 · Cited by 41
Blood pressure response during treadmill exercise testing and the risk for future cardiovascular events and new-onset hypertension
Zafrir, B., Aker, A., Asaf, Y., & Saliba, W. (2022) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000002991 · Cited by 42
“Exercise stress testing Treadmill EST was performed using a Bruce protocol in all patients [1].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Efficacy, efficiency and safety of a cardiac telerehabilitation programme using wearable sensors in patients with coronary heart disease: the TELEWEAR-CR study protocol
Antoniou, V., Xanthopoulos, A. V., Giamouzis, G., Davos, C. H., Baťalík, L., Stavrou, V. T., Gourgoulianis, K. I., Kapreli, E., Skoularigis, J. S., & Pepera, G. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059945 · Cited by 41
Common Carotid Artery Diameter, Blood Flow Velocity and Wave Intensity Responses at Rest and during Exercise in Young Healthy Humans: A Reproducibility Study
Pomella, N., Wilhelm, E. N., Kolyva, C., González‐Alonso, J., Rakobowchuk, M., & Khir, A. W. (2017) · Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.12.018 · Cited by 40
“Exercise measurements involved participants cycling for 2–3 min at a low cadence (30–50 rpm) and low work rate (20– 40 W) (warmup period), before increasing to a cadence of 60 rpm and work rates of 80 W for males and 50 W for females (exercise period), corresponding to z30%– 35% of the participants’ maximumworkload on…”
Method
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Change and Mortality Risk Among Black and White Patients: Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) Project
Ehrman, J. K., Brawner, C. A., Al-Mallah, M. H., Qureshi, W., Blaha, M. J., & Keteyian, S. J. (2017) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.02.036 · Cited by 41
Effects of circuit exercise training on vascular health and blood pressure
Getty, A. K., Wisdo, T. R., Chavis, L. N., Derella, C. C., McLaughlin, K. C., Perez, A. N., DiCiurcio, W. T., Corbin, M. E., & Feairheller, D. L. (2018) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.02.010 · Cited by 39
“The treadmill test was terminated according to guidelines, and VO2max was calculated using the Bruce protocol test time formula (Fletcher et al., 2013; Foster et al., 1984).”
Method
Determinants of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Exertional Symptoms in Adults With Coarctation of Aorta
Egbe, A. C., Qureshi, M. Y., & Connolly, H. M. (2020) · Circulation Heart Failure · doi:10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006651 · Cited by 39
A Study on the Optimal Positions of ECG Electrodes in a Garment for the Design of ECG-Monitoring Clothing for Male
Cho, H., & Lee, J. H. (2015) · Journal of Medical Systems · doi:10.1007/s10916-015-0279-2 · Cited by 40
Cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer in women: A prospective pilot study
Vainshelboim, B., Lima, R. M., & MYERS, J. N. (2019) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2019.02.001 · Cited by 38
“A 12-lead electrocardiogram, heart rate, blood pressure, and Borg 6-20 perceived exertion rating were continuously recorded throughout the tests, and standard criteria for test termination were used.(11,28) CRF (in metabolic equivalents (METs)) was calculated from the peak treadmill speed and grade using established m…”
Method
Rehabilitation programs for patients with COronaVIrus Disease 2019: consensus statements of Taiwan Academy of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Cheng, Y., Chen, C.-M., Huang, W.-C., Chiang, S., Hsieh, P.-C., Lin, K., Chen, Y., Fu, T., Huang, S.-C., Chen, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.08.015 · Cited by 39
“Patients who had not undergone formal exercise testing can exercise at a rated perceived exertion of 4e6 on a 0e10 scale.(21) However, a formal exercise test should still be considered in patients with advanced CVD with proper clinical disinfection following CDC(11) and WHO(12) recommendations.”
Background
Associations between health-related quality of life and physical function in older adults with or at risk of mobility disability after discharge from the hospital
Sunde, S., Hesseberg, K., Skelton, D. A., Ranhoff, A. H., Pripp, A. H., Aarønæs, M., & Brovold, T. (2021) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-021-00525-0 · Cited by 45

Authors: Fletcher, G. F., Ades, P. A., Kligfield, P., Arena, R., Balady, G. J., Bittner, V. A., Coke, L. A., Fleg, J. L., Forman, D. E., Gerber, T. C., Gulati, M., Madan, K., Rhodes, J., Thompson, P. D., & Williams, M. A.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
ORCID: Ades, Philip A.
Arena, Ross
Balady, Gary J.
Bittner, Vera A.
Fleg, Jerome L.
Forman, Daniel E.
Gulati, Martha
Madan, Kushal
Rhodes, Jonathan
Thompson, Paul D.
Williams, Mark A.
Venue: Circulation
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2013-08-20
Volume: 128
Issue: 8
Pages: 873-934
ISSN: 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e31829b5b44
OpenAlex: W2120888944
Cited by: 2,235
References: 823
Citations by year: 2026: 163 · 2025: 181 · 2024: 165 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 192 · 2021: 223 · 2020: 209 · 2019: 184 · 2018: 152 · 2017: 141 · 2016: 127 · 2015: 99 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 13
FWCI: 241.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Circulation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
Keywords: exercise testing, exercise training, exercise prescription, aerobic exercise
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases, Exercise Test, Exercise Therapy, Humans, Exercise, Resistance Training

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