Comparable Performance of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Open accessAbstract
Background—: Despite the growing epidemic of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), no valid measure of patients’ health status (symptoms, function, and quality of life) exists. We evaluated the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), a validated measure of HF with reduced EF, in patients with HFpEF. Methods and Results—: Using a prospective HF registry, we dichotomized patients into HF with reduced EF (EF≤ 40) and HFpEF (EF≥50). The associations between New York Heart Association class, a commonly used criterion standard, and KCCQ Overall Summary and Total Symptom domains were evaluated using Spearman correlations and 2-way ANOVA with differences between patients with HF with reduced EF and HFpEF tested with interaction terms. Predictive validity of the KCCQ Overall Summary scores was assessed with Kaplan–Meier curves for death and all-cause hospitalization. Covariate adjustment was made using Cox proportional hazards models. Internal reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s α. Among 849 patients, 200 (24%) had HFpEF. KCCQ summary scores were strongly associated with New York Heart Association class in both patients with HFpEF ( r =−0.62; P <0.001) and HF with reduced EF ( r =−0.55; P =0.27 for interaction). One-year event-free rates by KCCQ category among patients with HFpEF were 0 to 25=13.8%, 26 to 50=59.1%, 51 to 75=73.8%, and 76 to 100=77.8% (log rank P <0.001), with no significant interaction by EF ( P =0.37). The KCCQ domains demonstrated high internal consistency among patients with HFpEF (Cronbach’s α=0.96 for overall summary and ≥0.69 in all subdomains). Conclusions—: Among patients with HFpEF, the KCCQ seems to be a valid and reliable measure of health status and offers excellent prognostic ability. Future studies should extend and replicate our findings, including the establishment of its responsiveness to clinical change.
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The KCCQ is a standardized, 23-item, participant-administered instrument that quantifies heart failure-related symptoms, physical function, quality of life, and social function, with independently established validity, reproducibility, responsiveness, and interpretability.
“The KCCQ is a standardized, 23-item, participant-administered instrument that quantifies heart failurerelated symptoms (frequency, severity, and recent changes), physical function, quality of life, and social function. 16-18 For each domain, the validity, reproducibility, responsiveness, and interpretability have been independently established. 16-18”
From Semaglutide in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity (2023) · cites this paper as [17]
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Statistics notes: Cronbach's alpha: Table 1
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- Authors
- Joseph, S. M., Novak, E., Arnold, S. V., Jones, P. G., Khattak, H., Platts, A. E., Dávila-Román, V. G., Mann, D. L., & Spertus, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (S.M.J., E.N., H.K., A.E.P., V.G.D.-R., D.L.M.); and Saint Luke’s Mid-America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (S.V.A., P.G.J., J.A.S.).
- Venue
- Circulation: Heart Failure
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1139-1146
- ISSN
- 1941-3289 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-3297
- PMC
- PMC4545244
- OpenAlex
- W2547126679
- Cited by
- 192
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 3.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Circulation Heart Failure (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U10HL110309, RC2HL102222)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart rate and cardiovascular health
- Keywords
- Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, health status measurement, quality of life, symptom burden, NYHA functional class, prognostic validity, mortality, hospitalization, internal consistency
- MeSH terms
- Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Heart Failure, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Stroke Volume, United States, Reproducibility of Results, Incidence, Disease Progression
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