Glycemic Control for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Our Evolving Faith in the Face of Evidence
Open accessAbstract
Background—: We sought to determine the concordance between the accumulating evidence about the impact of tight versus less tight glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus since the publication of UKPDS (UK Prospective Diabetes Study) in 1998 until 2015 with the views about that evidence published in journal articles and practice guidelines. Methods and Results—: We searched in top general medicine and specialty journals for articles referring to glycemic control appearing between 2006 and 2015 and identified the latest practice guidelines. To summarize the evidence, we included all published systematic reviews and meta-analyses of contemporary randomized trials of glycemic control measuring patient-important microvascular and macrovascular outcomes, and completed a meta-analysis of their follow-up extensions. We identified 16 guidelines and 328 statements. The body of evidence produced estimates warranting moderate confidence. This evidence reported no significant impact of tight glycemic control on the risk of dialysis/transplantation/renal death, blindness, or neuropathy. In the past decade, however, most published statements (77%–100%) and guidelines (95%) unequivocally endorsed benefit. There is also no significant effect on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, or stroke; however, there is a consistent 15% relative-risk reduction of nonfatal myocardial infarction. Between 2006 and 2008, most statements (47%–83%) endorsed the benefit; after 2008 (ACCORD), only a minority (21%–36%) did. Conclusions—: Discordance exists between the research evidence and academic and clinical policy statements about the value of tight glycemic control to reduce micro- and macrovascular complications. This discordance may distort priorities in the research and practice agendas designed to improve the lives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
VADT showed minimal, if any, effect on hard clinical microvascular outcomes such as blindness, need for dialysis or transplantation, renal death, or clinical neuropathy.
“the last trial showed minimal, if any, effect on hard clinical microvascular outcomes such as blindness, need for dialysis or transplantation, renal death, or clinical neuropathy”
From Clinical management of stable coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (2020) · cites this paper as [191]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
2 retracted
Hemmingsen, B., Lund, S. S., Gluud, C. N., Vaag, A. A., Almdal, T., & Wetterslev, J. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008143.pub4 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
RetractedHemmingsen, B., Lund, S. S., Gluud, C. N., Vaag, A. A., Almdal, T., & Wetterslev, J. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008143.pub3 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Retracted(1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199309303291401 · Cited by 24,667 · see citing works
International Diabetes Federation 2017
Carracher, A. M., Marathe, P. H., & Close, K. L. (2018) · Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12644 · Cited by 13,369 · see citing works
Ahmed, A., Jorna, T., & Bhandari, S. (2016) · The Nephron journals/Nephron journals · doi:10.1159/000447068 · Cited by 11,782 · see citing works
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
Power, D. V. (2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.29.02.06.dc05-1593 · Cited by 8,672 · see citing works
Turner, R. C., Fox, C., Matthews, McElroy, H. H., Cull, C. A., Holman, R. R., Neil, P., Hadden, D. R., Wright, D., Manley, E., et al. (1998) · The Lancet · Cited by 8,419 · see citing works
GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence
Balshem, H., Helfand, M., Schünemann, H. J., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Vist, G. E., Falck-Ytter, Y., Meerpohl, J., & Norris, S. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015 · Cited by 8,285 · see citing works
Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering in Type 2 Diabetes
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802743 · Cited by 7,888 · see citing works
10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes
Holman, R. R., Paul, S. K., Bethel, M. A., Matthews, D. R., & Neil, H. A. W. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0806470 · Cited by 7,751 · see citing works
Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802987 · Cited by 7,397 · see citing works
Stone, N. J., Robinson, J. G., Lichtenstein, A. H., Bairey Merz, C. N., Blum, C. B., Eckel, R. H., Goldberg, A. C., Gordon, D., Levy, D., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., et al. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a · Cited by 7,081 · see citing works
Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes
Duckworth, W., Abraira, C., Moritz, T., Reda, D., Emanuele, N., Reaven, P. D., Zieve, F. J., Marks, J., Davis, S. N., Hayward, R., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0808431 · Cited by 4,762 · see citing works
Dormandy, J. A., Charbonnel, B., Eckland, D. J., Erdmann, E., Massi-Benedetti, M., Moules, I. K., Skene, A. M., Tan, M. H., Lefèbvre, P. J., Murray, G. D., et al. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67528-9 · Cited by 4,129 · see citing works
Gupta, A., & Uribarri, J. (2016) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000444053 · Cited by 4,019 · see citing works
Stone, N. J., Robinson, J. G., Lichtenstein, A. H., Bairey Merz, C. N., Blum, C. B., Eckel, R. H., Goldberg, A. C., Gordon, D., Levy, D., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002 · Cited by 3,845 · see citing works
Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes
Gæde, P., Lund-Andersen, H., Parving, H.-H., & Pedersen, O. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0706245 · Cited by 3,489 · see citing works
GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Schünemann, H. J., Tugwell, P., & Knottnerus, A. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.011 · Cited by 3,094 · see citing works
Ohkubo, Y., Kishikawa, H., Araki, E., Miyata, T., Isami, S., Motoyoshi, S., Kojima, Y., Furuyoshi, N., & Shichiri, M. (1995) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/0168-8227(95)01064-k · Cited by 3,079 · see citing works
Inzucchi, S. E., Bergenstal, R. M., Buse, J. B., Diamant, M., Ferrannini, E., Nauck, M., Peters, A. L., Tsapas, A., Wender, R., & Matthews, D. R. (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-2441 · Cited by 3,066 · see citing works
GRADE guidelines 6. Rating the quality of evidence—imprecision
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Alonso-Coello, P., Rind, D., Devereaux, P. J., Montori, V. M., Freyschuss, B., Vist, G., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.01.012 · Cited by 2,693 · see citing works
Self-citationGRADE guidelines: 7. Rating the quality of evidence—inconsistency
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Woodcock, J., Brozek, J., Helfand, M., Alonso-Coello, P., Glasziou, P., Jaeschke, R., Akl, E. A., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.03.017 · Cited by 2,320 · see citing works
Mann, J. F. E., Schmieder, R. E., McQueen, M., Dyal, L., Schumacher, H., Pogue, J. M., Wang, X., Maggioni, A. P., Budaj, A., Chaithiraphan, S., et al. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61236-2 · Cited by 1,581 · see citing works
Ismail-Beigi, F., Craven, T., Banerji, M. A., Basile, J., Calles, J., Cohen, R. M., Cuddihy, R., Cushman, W. C., Genuth, S., Grimm, R. H., et al. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60576-4 · Cited by 1,428 · see citing works
Ray, K. K., Seshasai, S. R. K., Wijesuriya, S., Sivakumaran, R., Nethercott, S., Preiss, D., Erqou, S., & Sattar, N. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60697-8 · Cited by 1,383 · see citing works
Phillips, L. S., Branch, W. T., Cook, C. B., Doyle, J. P., El-Kebbi, I. M., Gallina, D. L., Miller, C. D., Ziemer, D. C., & Barnes, C. S. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00012 · Cited by 1,370 · see citing works
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2007
American Diabetes Association (2007) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc07-s004 · Cited by 1,190 · see citing works
Long-term effects of intensive glucose lowering on cardiovascular outcomes
The ACCORD Study Group (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1006524 · Cited by 1,035 · see citing works
Skyler, J. S., Bergenstal, R., Bonow, R. O., Buse, J., Deedwania, P., Gale, E. A. M., Howard, B. V., Kirkman, M. S., Kosiborod, M., Reaven, P., et al. (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-9026 · Cited by 881 · see citing works
Boussageon, R., Bejan-Angoulvant, T., Saadatian-Elahi, M., Lafont, S., Bergeonneau, C., Kassai, B., Erpeldinger, S., Wright, J. M., Gueyffier, F., & Cornu, C. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d4169 · Cited by 803 · see citing works
Composite Outcomes in Randomized Trials
Freemantle, N., Calvert, M., Wood, J., Eastaugh, J., & Griffin, C. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2554 · Cited by 785 · see citing works
Follow-up of glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Hayward, R. A., Reaven, P. D., Wiitala, W. L., Bahn, G. D., Reda, D. J., Ge, L., McCarren, M., Duckworth, W. C., & Emanuele, N. V. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1414266 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Lipscombe, L. L., & Hux, J. E. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60361-4 · Cited by 628 · see citing works
Follow-up of blood-pressure lowering and glucose control in type 2 diabetes
Zoungas, S., Chalmers, J., Neal, B., Billot, L., Li, Q., Hirakawa, Y., Arima, H., Monaghan, H., Joshi, R., Colagiuri, S., et al. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1407963 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
Clinical Inertia in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Khunti, K. K., Wolden, M. L., Thorsted, B. L., Andersen, M., & Davies, M. J. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-0331 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Bassler, D. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.310 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy
Callaghan, B. C., Little, A. A., Feldman, E. L., & Hughes, R. A. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007543.pub2 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Mortality Trends in Men and Women with Diabetes, 1971 to 2000
Gregg, E. W., Gu, Q., Cheng, Y. J., Narayan, K. M. V., & Cowie, C. C. (2007) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-3-200708070-00167 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Validity of composite end points in clinical trials
Montori, V. M., Permanyer-Miralda, G., González, I. F., Busse, J. W., Pacheco‐Huergo, V., Bryant, D., Alonso, J., Akl, E. A., Domingo‐Salvany, A., Mills, E. J., et al. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7491.594 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Self-citationPotential overtreatment of diabetes mellitus in older adults with tight glycemic control
Lipska, K. J., Ross, J. S., Miao, Y., Shah, N. D., Lee, S. J., & Steinman, M. A. (2015) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7345 · Cited by 408 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Recognizing the nature of the evidence also requires the revision of model-based estimates of the economic impact of tight glycemic control(65,66) and moderation of the exuberant support for policies of tight glycemic control with consequent overtesting and overtreatment.(67,68) Any moderation will have to be delicate…”
MethodAace Comprehensive Diabetes Management Algorithm 2013
Abrahamson, M. J., Barzilay, J. I., Blonde, L., Bloomgarden, Z. T., Bush, M. A., Dagogo-Jack, S. E., Davidson, M., EINHORN, D. F., Garvey, W. T., Grunberger, G., et al. (2013) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/endp.19.2.a38267720403k242 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Clinical Inertia in Response to Inadequate Glycemic Control
Shah, B. R., Hux, J. E., Laupacis, A., Zinman, B., & van Walraven, C. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.3.600 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Hemmingsen, B., Lund, S. S., Gluud, C., Vaag, A., Almdal, T., Hemmingsen, C., & Wetterslev, J. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d6898 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Systematic review: glucose control and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes
Kelly, T. N., Bazzano, L. A., Fonseca, V. A., Thethi, T. K., Reynolds, K., & He, J. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-6-200909150-00137 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Intensive glucose control improves kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes
Perkovic, V., Heerspink, H. L., Chalmers, J., Woodward, M., Jun, M., Li, Q., MacMahon, S., Cooper, M. E., Hamet, P., Marre, M., et al. (2013) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2012.401 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
The Diabetes Mellitus Medication Choice Decision Aid
Mullan, R. J., Montori, V. M., Shah, N. D., Christianson, T. J. H., Bryant, S. C., Guyatt, G. H., Perestelo‐Pérez, L., Stroebel, R. J., Yawn, B. P., Yapuncich, V. P., et al. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.293 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationNathan, D. M., Buse, J. B., Kahn, S. E., Krause-Steinrauf, H. J., Larkin, M. E., Staten, M. A., Wexler, D. J., & Lachin, J. M. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-0356 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Patient-Important Outcomes in Registered Diabetes Trials
Gandhi, G. Y. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.21.2543 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
AACE/ACE comprehensive diabetes management algorithm 2015
Garber, A. J., Abrahamson, M. J., Barzilay, J. I., Blonde, L., Bloomgarden, Z. T., Bush, M. A., Dagogo-Jack, S., Davidson, M. B., Einhorn, D., Garber, J. R., et al. (2015) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep15693.cs · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Inzucchi, S. E. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp1103643 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
American Diabetes Association (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc15-s009 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Yudkin, J. S., Lipska, K. J., & Montori, V. M. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d7995 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Self-citationGlycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: Time for an Evidence-Based About-Face?
Montori, V. M., & Fernández-Balsells, M. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-11-200906020-00008 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citationClarke, P. M., Gray, A. M., Briggs, A., Stevens, R. J., Matthews, D. R., Holman, R. R., & (UKPDS), O. B. O. T. U. P. D. S. (2005) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-005-1717-3 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Seeing what you want to see in randomised controlled trials: versions and perversions of UKPDS data
McCormack, J. P. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7251.1720 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Intensified glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes: time for a reappraisal
Yudkin, J. S., Richter, B., & Gale, E. A. M. (2010) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-010-1864-z · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Blood pressure control for diabetic retinopathy
Diana, V., Wang, X., Vedula, S. S., Marrone, M. T., Sleilati, G. G., Hawkins, B. S., & Frank, R. N. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006127.pub2 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Shared decision making in endocrinology: Present and future directions
Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Gionfriddo, M. R., Ospina, N. S., Maraka, S., Tamhane, S., Montori, V. M., & Brito, J. P. (2016) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00468-4 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationMortality Trends in Subjects With and Without Diabetes During 33 Years of Follow-up
Jansson, S. P. O., Andersson, D. K. G., & Svärdsudd, K. (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-0680 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Patient-important outcomes in diabetes—time for consensus
Montori, V. M., Gandhi, G. Y., & Guyatt, G. H. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61489-5 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationBuehler, A. M., Cavalcanti, A. B., Berwanger, O. B., Figueiró, M. F., Laranjeira, L. N., Zazula, A. D., Kioshi, B., Bugano, D. D. G., Santucci, E. V., Sbruzzi, G., et al. (2011) · Cardiovascular Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5922.2011.00308.x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Tkáč, I. (2009) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/s0168-8227(09)70011-7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Glycemic Control in Diabetes: A Tale of Three Studies
Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2008) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-zb09 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Sudden Acceleration of Diabetes Quality Measures
POGACH, L. M. (2011) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2011.153 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Zhao, J., Zhao, T., & Liu, H. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0459-8 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Hypoglycemia as an indicator of good diabetes care:
Rodríguez‐Gutiérrez, R., Lipska, K. J., McCoy, R. G., Ospina, N. S., Ting, H. H., Montori, V. M., & Hypoglycemia as a Quality Measure in Diabetes Study Group (2016) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.i1084 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationRandomized Trials Stopped Early for Benefit: A Systematic Review
Montori, V. M., Devereaux, P. J., Adhikari, N. K. J., Burns, K. E. A., Eggert, C. H., Briel, M., Lacchetti, C., Leung, T. W., Darling, E., Bryant, D. M., et al. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.17.2203 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationDiabetes and cardiovascular disease in older adults
Bilal, A., & Pratley, R. E. (2024) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.15259 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Changing trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment intensification, 2002-2010.
McCoy, R. G., Zhang, Y., Herrin, J. S., Denton, B. T., Mason, J. E., Montori, V. M., Smith, S. A., & Shah, N. D. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation‘Hard,’ ‘soft’ and ‘surrogate’ endpoints in diabetes
Yudkin, J. S., & Eggleston, E. (2012) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2012-201361 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Coca, S. G., Ismail-Beigi, F., Haq, N., Krumholz, H. M., & Parikh, C. R. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2230 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [31]Thomson Reuters Journal citation reports 2014 2015 http://thomsonreuters.com/en/products-services/scholarly-scientific-research/research-management-and-evaluation/journal-citation-reports.html
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dunlay, S. M., Givertz, M. M., Aguilar, D., Allen, L. A., Chan, M., Desai, A. S., Deswal, A., Dickson, V. V., Kosiborod, M. N., Lekavich, C. L., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000691 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Mosenzon, O., Blicher, T. M., Rosenlund, S., Eriksson, J. W., Heller, S., Hels, O. H., Pratley, R., Sathyapalan, T., Desouza, C., Abramof, R., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30192-5 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Arnold, S. V., Bhatt, D. L., Barsness, G. W., Beatty, A. L., Deedwania, P. C., Inzucchi, S. E., Kosiborod, M., Leiter, L. A., Lipska, K. J., Newman, J. D., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000766 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Silbert, R., Salcido-Montenegro, A., Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Katabi, A., & McCoy, R. G. (2018) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-018-1018-0 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Benefits and harms of intensive glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes
Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Gonzalez-Gonzalez, J. G., Zuñiga-Hernandez, J. A., & McCoy, R. G. (2019) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.l5887 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Dunlay, S. M., Givertz, M. M., Aguilar, D., Allen, L. A., Chan, M., Desai, A. S., Deswal, A., Dickson, V. V., Kosiborod, M. N., Lekavich, C. L., et al. (2019) · Journal of Cardiac Failure · doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.05.007 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
for the VADT Study Group, Agrawal, L., Azad, N., Bahn, G. D., Ge, L., Reaven, P. D., Hayward, R. A., Reda, D. J., & Emanuele, N. V. (2018) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-017-4473-2 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Anderson, A., O’Connell, S. S., Thomas, C., & Chimmanamada, R. (2022) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-021-01174-6 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“5%) and timely access to primary care [2].”
BackgroundMakam, A. N., & Nguyen, O. K. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.116.022622 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
McCoy, R. G., Lipska, K. J., Van Houten, H. K., & Shah, N. D. (2020) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001007 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Dorsey-Treviño, E. G., González-González, J. G., Alvarez-Villalobos, N., González-Nava, V., Contreras-Garza, B. M., Díaz González-Colmenero, A., Rodríguez-Tamez, G., Barrera-Flores, F. J., Farrell, A. M., Montori, V. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-019-01103-9 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, R., & Montori, V. M.
- Affiliations
- From the Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.R.-G., V.M.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (R.R.-G., V.M.M.); and Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico (R.R.-G.).
- Venue
- Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 504-512
- ISSN
- 1941-7705 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-7713
- PMC
- PMC5031530
- OpenAlex
- W2508307252
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 18.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Mayo Clinic
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000135)
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, tight glycemic control, knowledge-practice gap, UKPDS, ACCORD trial, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, stroke, kidney disease, retinopathy, neuropathy
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Health Status, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Biomarkers, Treatment Outcome, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Risk Assessment, Evidence-Based Medicine, Diabetes Complications
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
