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Mitochondria and Endothelial Function
Open accessAbstract
In contrast to their role in cell types with higher energy demands, mitochondria in endothelial cells primarily function in signaling cellular responses to environmental cues. This article provides an overview of key aspects of mitochondrial biology in endothelial cells, including subcellular location, biogenesis, dynamics, autophagy, reactive oxygen species production and signaling, calcium homeostasis, regulated cell death, and heme biosynthesis. In each section, we introduce key concepts and then review studies showing the importance of that mechanism to endothelial control of vasomotor tone, angiogenesis, and/or inflammatory activation. We particularly highlight the small number of clinical and translational studies that have investigated each mechanism in human subjects. Finally, we review interventions that target different aspects of mitochondrial function and their effects on endothelial function. The ultimate goal of such research is the identification of new approaches for therapy. The reviewed studies make it clear that mitochondria are important in endothelial physiology and pathophysiology. A great deal of work will be needed, however, before mitochondria-directed therapies are available for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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“Accumulating evidence implicates mitochondrial dysregulation in impaired arterial function both in animal models of cardiovascular disease (94, 161, 182)”
From Inorganic nitrite supplementation for healthy arterial aging (2014) · cites this paper as [94]
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“If metformin can offset the decline in mitochondrial function, as some studies suggest, then this effect could contribute to enhancing both healthspan and lifespan (138, 149, 150).”
From A Critical Review of the Evidence That Metformin Is a Putative Anti-Aging Drug That Enhances Healthspan and Extends Lifespan (2021) · cites this paper as [149]
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“AMPK has also been implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, thus providing another link between metformin, AMPK, and improved mitochondrial function (149, 150).”
From A Critical Review of the Evidence That Metformin Is a Putative Anti-Aging Drug That Enhances Healthspan and Extends Lifespan (2021) · cites this paper as [149]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kluge, M. A., Fetterman, J. L., & Vita, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- Circulation Research
- Published
- 2013-04-12
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1171-1188
- ISSN
- 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4571
- PMC
- PMC3700369
- OpenAlex
- W2171435588
- Cited by
- 508
- References
- 213
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 2.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL060886, R01HL102299, HL081587, P50HL083801, K12HL083781, P01HL081587, R01HL075795, T32HL007224, HL083781, R01HL083269, HL083801, HL102299, R01HL115391)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- mitochondria, endothelial cells, endothelial function, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, reactive oxygen species, calcium homeostasis, regulated cell death, heme biosynthesis, vascular tone, angiogenesis, inflammation, mitochondrial-targeted therapy, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autophagy, Endothelium, Vascular, Homeostasis, Humans, Mitochondria, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Endothelial Cells
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