The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On T2* Magnetic Resonance and Cardiac Iron
Open accessAbstract
Background—: Measurement of myocardial iron is key to the clinical management of patients at risk of siderotic cardiomyopathy. The cardiovascular magnetic resonance relaxation parameter R2* (assessed clinically via its reciprocal, T2*) measured in the ventricular septum is used to assess cardiac iron, but iron calibration and distribution data in humans are limited. Methods and Results—: Twelve human hearts were studied from transfusion-dependent patients after either death (heart failure, n=7; stroke, n=1) or transplantation for end-stage heart failure (n=4). After cardiovascular magnetic resonance R2* measurement, tissue iron concentration was measured in multiple samples of each heart with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Iron distribution throughout the heart showed no systematic variation between segments, but epicardial iron concentration was higher than in the endocardium. The mean±SD global myocardial iron causing severe heart failure in 10 patients was 5.98±2.42 mg/g dry weight (range, 3.19 to 9.50 mg/g), but in 1 outlier case of heart failure was 25.9 mg/g dry weight. Myocardial ln[R2*] was strongly linearly correlated with ln[Fe] ( R 2 =0.910, P <0.001), leading to [Fe]=45.0×(T2*) −1.22 for the clinical calibration equation with [Fe] in milligrams per gram dry weight and T2* in milliseconds. Midventricular septal iron concentration and R2* were both highly representative of mean global myocardial iron. Conclusions—: These data detail the iron distribution throughout the heart in iron overload and provide calibration in humans for cardiovascular magnetic resonance R2* against myocardial iron concentration. The iron values are of considerable interest in terms of the level of cardiac iron associated with iron-related death and indicate that the heart is more sensitive to iron loading than the liver. The results also validate the current clinical practice of monitoring cardiac iron in vivo by cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the midseptum.
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American Heart Association Writing Group on Myocardial Segmentation and Registration for Cardiac Imaging:, Cerqueira, M. D., Weissman, N. J., Dilsizian, V., Jacobs, A. K., Kaul, S., Laskey, W. K., Pennell, D. J., Rumberger, J. A., Ryan, T., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc0402.102975 · Cited by 6,990
Self-citationUnderlying Causes and Long-Term Survival in Patients with Initially Unexplained Cardiomyopathy
Felker, G. M., Thompson, R. E., Hare, J. M., Hruban, R. H., Clemetson, D. E., Howard, D. L., Baughman, K. L., & Kasper, E. K. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200004133421502 · Cited by 1,723
Cardiovascular T2-star (T2*) magnetic resonance for the early diagnosis of myocardial iron overload
Anderson, L. (2001) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.2001.2822 · Cited by 1,682
Self-citationBorgna‐Pignatti, C., Rugolotto, S., Stefano, P. D., Zhao, H., Cappellini, M. D., Vecchio, G. C. D., Romeo, M. A., Forni, G. L., Gamberini, M. R., Ghilardi, R., et al. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 1,119
Self-citationWood, J. C., Enriquez, C., Ghugre, N., Tyzka, J. M., Carson, S., Nelson, M. D., & Coates, T. D. (2005) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2004-10-3982 · Cited by 1,045
Self-citationModell, B., Khan, M., Darlison, M., Westwood, M. A., Ingram, D., & Pennell, D. J. (2008) · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1186/1532-429x-10-42 · Cited by 600
Self-citationCardiac T2* Magnetic Resonance for Prediction of Cardiac Complications in Thalassemia Major
Kirk, P., Roughton, M., Porter, J. B., Walker, J. M., Tanner, M. A., Patel, J., Wu, D., Taylor, J., Westwood, M. A., Anderson, L. J., et al. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.874487 · Cited by 597
Self-citationSurvival in β-thalassaemia major in the UK: data from the UK Thalassaemia Register
Modell, B., Khan, M., & Darlison, M. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02357-6 · Cited by 583
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Schulz-Menger, J., Bluemke, D. A., Bremerich, J., Flamm, S. D., Fogel, M. A., Friedrich, M. G., Kim, R. J., von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff, F., Kramer, C. M., Pennell, D. J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1186/1532-429x-15-35 · Cited by 2,097
Self-citationCardiac T1 Mapping and Extracellular Volume (ECV) in clinical practice: a comprehensive review
Haaf, P., Garg, P., Messroghli, D. R., Broadbent, D. A., Greenwood, J. P., & Plein, S. (2016) · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1186/s12968-016-0308-4 · Cited by 959
Taher, A. T., Weatherall, D. J., & Cappellini, M. D. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31822-6 · Cited by 807
SCMR Position Paper (2020) on clinical indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Leiner, T., Bogaert, J., Friedrich, M. G., Mohiaddin, R., Muthurangu, V., Myerson, S., Powell, A. J., Raman, S. V., & Pennell, D. J. (2020) · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1186/s12968-020-00682-4 · Cited by 328
Self-citationThe Pathophysiology of Transfusional Iron Overload
Porter, J. B., & Garbowski, M. (2014) · Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2014.04.003 · Cited by 120
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Metadata
- Authors
- Carpenter, J.-P., He, T., Kirk, P., Roughton, M., Anderson, L. J., de Noronha, S. V., Sheppard, M. N., Porter, J. B., Walker, J. M., Wood, J. C., Galanello, R., Forni, G., Catani, G., Matta, G., Fucharoen, S., Fleming, A., House, M. J., Black, G., Firmin, D. N., St. Pierre, T. G., & Pennell, D. J.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2011-04-12
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1519-1528
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2166730639
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 26
- FWCI
- 21.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Carpenter, J.-P., He, T., Kirk, P., Roughton, M., Anderson, L. J., de Noronha, S. V., Sheppard, M. N., Porter, J. B., Walker, J. M., Wood, J. C., Galanello, R., Forni, G., Catani, G., Matta, G., Fucharoen, S., Fleming, A., House, M. J., Black, G., Firmin, D. N., . . . Pennell, D. J. (2011). On T2* Magnetic Resonance and Cardiac Iron. Circulation. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.110.007641
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