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Cited by 126Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsCardiovascular Function and Risk FactorsBlood Pressure and Hypertension Studies

Impact of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference on the Long-Term Risk of Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Cardiac Organ Damage

Bombelli, Michele, Facchetti, Rita, Sega, Roberto, Carugo, Stefano, Fodri, Danilo, Brambilla, Gianmaria, Giannattasio, Cristina, Grassi, Guido +1 more·2011·Hypertension
DOI 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.175125
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Abstract

Obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The present study assessed in the general population the impact of body weight and visceral obesity on the development of alterations in glucose metabolism and cardiac structure, as well as of elevation in blood pressure. In 1412 subjects randomly selected and representative of the general population of Monza, we assessed twice (in 1990/1991 and 2000/2001) body mass index (BMI); waist circumference; office, home, and 24-hour ambulatory (24-hour) blood pressure, fasting glycemia, and left ventricular mass (echocardiography). New-onset high-risk conditions were DM; impaired fasting glucose; office, home, and 24-hour HT; and LVH. The incidence of new-onset DM; impaired fasting glucose; office, home, and 24-hour HT; and LVH increased progressively from the quintile with the lowest to the quintile with the highest BMI values. Adjusting for confounders, the risk of developing new-onset DM; impaired fasting glucose; office, home, and 24-hour HT; and LVH increased significantly for an increase of 1 kg/m 2 of BMI and 1 cm of waist circumference (respectively, 8.4% [ P <0.01], 9.5% [ P <0.0001], 4.2% [ P <0.0001], 3.9% [ P <0.001], 2.5% [ P <0.05], and 5.1% [ P <0.001] for BMI and 3.2% [ P <0.001], 3.5% [ P <0.0001], 1.8% [ P <0.0001], 1.5% [ P <0.0001], 1.4% [ P <0.001], and 2.6% [ P <0.0001]). These data provide evidence that an increase in BMI and waist circumference is associated with a linearly increased adjusted risk of developing conditions with high cardiovascular risk, such as DM, impaired fasting glucose, in- and out-of-office HT, and LVH.

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  • Patients with visceral or abdominal obesity are at the greatest risk of developing hypertension and other cardiovascular risks.

    “In particular, patients with visceral or abdominal obesity are at the greatest risk of developing hypertension and other cardiovascular risks (5;6).”

    From Obesity-Associated Hypertension: Recent Progress in Deciphering the Pathogenesis (2014) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Bombelli, M., Facchetti, R., Sega, R., Carugo, S., Fodri, D., Brambilla, G., Giannattasio, C., Grassi, G., & Mancia, G.
Affiliations
University of Milan (IT)
ORCID
Venue
Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2011-12
Volume
58
Issue
6
Pages
1029-1035
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
DOI
10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.175125
OpenAlex
W2142339328
Cited by
126
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 10
FWCI
8.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Keywords
body mass index, waist circumference, obesity, visceral obesity, diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, ambulatory blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular mass, cardiovascular risk, glucose metabolism
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypertension, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk, Sampling Studies, Body Mass Index, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Area Under Curve, Waist Circumference, Organs at Risk

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