The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
“All Hands on Deck”: The Paris Agreement and Nonstate Climate Action
Open accessAbstract
The 2015 Paris Climate summit consolidated the transition of the climate regime from a “regulatory” to a “catalytic and facilitative” model. A key component of this shift was the intergovernmental regime’s embrace of climate action by sub- and nonstate actors. Although a groundswell of transnational climate action has been growing over time, the Paris Agreement seeks to bring this phenomenon into the heart of the new climate regime. This forum article describes that transition and considers its implications.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The Paris Agreement also formalized the role of subnational and nonstate actors in pushing national climate commitments forward (2).”
From A framework for localizing global climate solutions and their carbon reduction potential (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Regime Complex for Climate Change
Keohane, R. O., & Victor, D. G. (2011) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s1537592710004068 · Cited by 2,047
Transnational Climate Governance
Andonova, L. B., Betsill, M. M., & Bulkeley, H. (2009) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep.2009.9.2.52 · Cited by 730
The Transnational Regime Complex for Climate Change
Abbott, K. W. (2011) · Environment and Planning C Government and Policy · doi:10.1068/c11127 · Cited by 620
Transnational Climate Change Governance
Bulkeley, H., Andonova, L. B., Betsill, M. M., Compagnon, D., Hale, T. N., Hoffmann, M. J., Newell, P. J., Paterson, M., Roger, C., & VanDeveer, S. D. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107706033 · Cited by 592
Self-citationClimate governance at the crossroads: experimenting with a global response after Kyoto
(2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.49-1720 · Cited by 446
Bulkeley, H., Andonova, L. B., Bäckstrand, K., Betsill, M. M., Compagnon, D., Duffy, R. V., Kolk, A., Hoffmann, M. J., Levy, D. L., Newell, P. J., et al. (2012) · Environment and Planning C Government and Policy · doi:10.1068/c11126 · Cited by 351
Reinvigorating International Climate Policy: A Comprehensive Framework for Effective Nonstate Action
Chan, S., van Asselt, H., Hale, T. N., Abbott, K. W., Beisheim, M., Hoffmann, M. J., Guy, B., Höhne, N., Hsu, A., Pattberg, P. H., et al. (2015) · Global Policy · doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12294 · Cited by 260
Self-citationLiberal Environmentalism and Global Environmental Governance
Bernstein, S. (2002) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/152638002320310509 · Cited by 228
Gridlock: Why Global Cooperation is Failing when We Need It Most
Hale, T. N., Held, D., & Young, K. (2013) · Durham Research Online (Durham University) · Cited by 164
Self-citationTowards a new climate diplomacy
Hsu, A., Moffat, A. S., Weinfurter, A. J., & Schwartz, J. D. (2015) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2594 · Cited by 137
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- UN Secretary-General. 2015. Secretary-General, at Paris Conference, Says Governments Should Continue Spirit of Compromise to Protect Planet from Climate Change. Press Release, December 12, 2015. Available at www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm17410.doc.htm.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Politics of the Environment
Carter, N. T. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108642163 · Cited by 456
Non-state actors in global climate governance: from Copenhagen to Paris and beyond
Bäckstrand, K., Kuyper, J. W., Linnér, B., & Lövbrand, E. (2017) · Environmental Politics · doi:10.1080/09644016.2017.1327485 · Cited by 479
Jordan, A., Huitema, D., van Asselt, H., & Forster, J. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646 · Cited by 471
The politics of decarbonization and the catalytic impact of subnational climate experiments
Bernstein, S., & Hoffmann, M. J. (2018) · Policy Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11077-018-9314-8 · Cited by 384
Bäckstrand, K., & Kuyper, J. W. (2017) · Environmental Politics · doi:10.1080/09644016.2017.1323579 · Cited by 310
National Policy and Transnational Governance of Climate Change: Substitutes or Complements?
Andonova, L. B., Hale, T. N., & Roger, C. (2017) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1093/isq/sqx014 · Cited by 253
Self-citationPickering, J., Bäckstrand, K., & Schlosberg, D. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning · doi:10.1080/1523908x.2020.1703276 · Cited by 236
Kuyper, J. W., Linnér, B., & Schroeder, H. (2017) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.497 · Cited by 213
Sustainable Development, Poverty Eradication and Reducing Inequalities
IPCC (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157940.007 · Cited by 194
Climate changed urban futures: environmental politics in the anthropocene city
Bulkeley, H. (2021) · Environmental Politics · doi:10.1080/09644016.2021.1880713 · Cited by 180
A research roadmap for quantifying non-state and subnational climate mitigation action
Hsu, A., Höhne, N., Kuramochi, T., Roelfsema, M., Weinfurter, A. J., Xie, Y., Lütkehermöller, K., Chan, S., Corfee-Morlot, J., Drost, P., et al. (2018) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-018-0338-z · Cited by 187
Self-citationLeaders and Laggards: Climate Policy Ambition in Developed States
Tobin, P. (2017) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00433 · Cited by 185
States of just transition: Realising climate justice through and against the state
Routledge, P., Cumbers, A., & Derickson, K. D. (2017) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.11.015 · Cited by 174
Reducing Urban Greenhouse Gas Footprints
Pichler, P., Zwickel, T., Chávez, A., Kretschmer, T., Wallack, J. S., & Weisz, H. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15303-x · Cited by 173
Kuyper, J. W., Schroeder, H., & Linnér, B. (2018) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102017-030119 · Cited by 201
Green, J., Hadden, J., Hale, T. N., & Mahdavi, P. (2020) · Review of International Political Economy · doi:10.1080/09692290.2021.1946708 · Cited by 171
Self-citationFridays for Future's Disruptive Potential: An Inconvenient Youth Between Moderate and Radical Ideas
Marquardt, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2020.00048 · Cited by 163
Sub- and non-state climate action: a framework to assess progress, implementation and impact
Hale, T. N., Chan, S., Hsu, A., Clapper, A., Elliott, C., Faria, P., Kuramochi, T., McDaniel, S., Morgado, M., Roelfsema, M., et al. (2020) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2020.1828796 · Cited by 170
Self-citationGordon, D. J., & Johnson, C. A. (2017) · Environmental Politics · doi:10.1080/09644016.2017.1320829 · Cited by 152
Transnational Actors and Transnational Governance in Global Environmental Politics
Hale, T. N. (2019) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050718-032644 · Cited by 152
Self-citationEffective and geographically balanced? An output-based assessment of non-state climate actions
Chan, S., Falkner, R., Goldberg, M. H., & van Asselt, H. (2016) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2016.1248343 · Cited by 147
National climate change mitigation legislation, strategy and targets: a global update
Iacobuta, G., Dubash, N. K., Upadhyaya, P., Deribe, M., & Höhne, N. (2018) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2018.1489772 · Cited by 142
Accountability Challenges in the Transnational Regime Complex for Climate Change
Widerberg, O. E., & Pattberg, P. H. (2016) · Review of Policy Research · doi:10.1111/ropr.12217 · Cited by 140
Peel, J., & Osofsky, H. M. (2020) · Annual Review of Law and Social Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-022420-122936 · Cited by 138
Governing Climate Change Polycentrically
Jordan, A., Huitema, D., Schoenefeld, J. J., van Asselt, H., & Forster, J. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.002 · Cited by 150
Aligning subnational climate actions for the new post-Paris climate regime
Hsu, A., Weinfurter, A. J., & Xu, K. (2017) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-017-1957-5 · Cited by 135
Pickering, J., Hickmann, T., Bäckstrand, K., Kalfagianni, A. K., Bloomfield, M. J., Mert, A., Ransan‐Cooper, H., & Lo, A. Y. H. (2022) · Earth System Governance · doi:10.1016/j.esg.2021.100131 · Cited by 160
The evolution of city-scale GHG emissions inventory methods: A systematic review
Arioli, M. S., D’Agosto, M. D. A., Amaral, F. G., & Cybis, H. B. B. (2019) · Environmental Impact Assessment Review · doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2019.106316 · Cited by 141
Hale, T. N. (2020) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00561 · Cited by 135
Self-citationMi, Z., & Sun, X. (2021) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-021-00258-9 · Cited by 127
Three Models of Global Climate Governance: From Kyoto to Paris and Beyond
Held, D., & Roger, C. (2018) · Global Policy · doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12617 · Cited by 132
Promises and risks of nonstate action in climate and sustainability governance
Chan, S., Boran, I., van Asselt, H., Iacobuţă, G., Niles, N., Rietig, K., Scobie, M., Bansard, J. S., Pugley, D. D., Delina, L. L., et al. (2019) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.572 · Cited by 121
Self-citationJustice as Parity of Participation
Blue, G., Rosol, M., & Fast, V. (2019) · Journal of the American Planning Association · doi:10.1080/01944363.2019.1619476 · Cited by 121
The Comparative Politics of Transnational Climate Governance
Roger, C., Hale, T. N., & Andonova, L. B. (2016) · International Interactions · doi:10.1080/03050629.2017.1252248 · Cited by 119
Self-citationSommerer, T., Agné, H., Zelli, F., & Bes, B. J. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192856326.001.0001 · Cited by 119
Hultman, N. E., Clarke, L., Frisch, C., Kennedy, K., McJeon, H., Cyrs, T., Hansel, P., Bodnar, P., Manion, M., Edwards, M. R., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18903-w · Cited by 116
Dangerous Incrementalism of the Paris Agreement
Allan, J. I. (2019) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00488 · Cited by 115
Aykut, S. C., Morena, E., & Foyer, J. (2020) · International Politics · doi:10.1057/s41311-020-00250-8 · Cited by 111
Carbonwashing: ESG Data Greenwashing in a Post-Paris World
In, S. Y., & Schumacher, K. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-83650-4_3 · Cited by 104
Furumo, P. R., & Lambin, É. F. (2020) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102055 · Cited by 101
Belfer, E., Ford, J. D., Maillet, M., Araos, M., & Flynn, M. (2019) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00489 · Cited by 99
Sovacool, B. K., & Martiskainen, M. (2020) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111330 · Cited by 103
Relation Between Awe and Environmentalism: The Role of Social Dominance Orientation
Zhao, H., Zhang, H., Xu, Y., Lu, J., & He, W. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02367 · Cited by 103
Climate Resilient Development Pathways
(IPCC), I. P. O. C. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009325844.027 · Cited by 138
Moving Beyond Coal: Exploring And Explaining The Powering Past Coal Alliance
Blondeel, M., de Graaf, T. V., & Haesebrouck, T. (2019) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2019.101304 · Cited by 107
The climatization of global politics: introduction to the special issue
Aykut, S. C., & Maertens, L. (2021) · International Politics · doi:10.1057/s41311-021-00325-0 · Cited by 94
Hsu, A., Brandt, J., Widerberg, O. E., Chan, S., & Weinfurter, A. J. (2019) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2019.1624252 · Cited by 93
Scaling behaviour change for a 1.5 degree world: Challenges and opportunities
Newell, P. J., Twena, M., & Daley, F. (2021) · Global Sustainability · doi:10.1017/sus.2021.23 · Cited by 90
City-networks, global climate governance, and the road to 1.5 °C
Gordon, D. J., & Johnson, C. A. (2018) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2018.02.011 · Cited by 92
Making Influence Visible: Innovating Ethnography at the Paris Climate Summit
Suiseeya, K. R. M., & Zanotti, L. C. (2019) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00507 · Cited by 83
Decision-Making Options for Managing Risk
(IPCC), I. P. O. C. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009325844.026 · Cited by 83
Collective responsibility for climate change
Hormio, S. (2023) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.830 · Cited by 78
The rhetorical limitations of the #FridaysForFuture movement
Evensen, D. T. N. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0481-1 · Cited by 72
Climate change politics and the urban contexts of messy governmentalities
Broto, V. C. (2019) · Territory Politics Governance · doi:10.1080/21622671.2019.1632220 · Cited by 74
Institutional and environmental effectiveness: Will the Paris Agreement work?
Dimitrov, R. S., Hovi, J., Sprinz, D. F., Sælen, H. G., & Underdal, A. (2019) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.583 · Cited by 77
Gordon, D. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108125888 · Cited by 72
A framework for localizing global climate solutions and their carbon reduction potential
Brown, M. A., Dwivedi, P., Mani, S., Matisoff, D., Mohan, J. E., Mullen, J., Oxman, M., Rodgers, M., Simmons, R., Beasley, B., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2100008118 · Cited by 64
Predicting European cities’ climate mitigation performance using machine learning
Hsu, A., Wang, X., Tan, J., Toh, W., & Goyal, N. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35108-5 · Cited by 64
Institutional interplay in global environmental governance: lessons learned and future research
Elsässer, J. P., Hickmann, T., Jinnah, S., Oberthür, S., & de Graaf, T. V. (2022) · International Environmental Agreements Politics Law and Economics · doi:10.1007/s10784-022-09569-4 · Cited by 63
Legitimacy and Accountability in Polycentric Climate Governance
Bäckstrand, K., Zelli, F., & Schleifer, P. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.020 · Cited by 63
Hsu, A., & Rauber, R. (2021) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-021-00098-7 · Cited by 68
van Asselt, H., & Zelli, F. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.003 · Cited by 63
Deliberative Global Governance
Dryzek, J. S., Bowman, Q., Kuyper, J. W., Pickering, J., Sass, J., & Stevenson, H. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108762922 · Cited by 64
Coen, D., Kreienkamp, J., & Pegram, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108973250 · Cited by 60
Thew, H., Middlemiss, L., & Paavola, J. (2021) · Environmental Politics · doi:10.1080/09644016.2020.1868838 · Cited by 69
Bäckstrand, K., Kuyper, J. W., & Nasiritousi, N. (2021) · Earth System Governance · doi:10.1016/j.esg.2021.100115 · Cited by 61
Multistakeholder Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Promises and Pitfalls
Higham, I., Bäckstrand, K., Fritzsche, F., & Koliev, F. (2024) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-051823-115857 · Cited by 58
Şorman, A. H., García-Muros, X., Pizarro-Irizar, C., & González‐Eguino, M. (2020) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2019.101414 · Cited by 63
Role of economic growth, urbanization and energy consumption on climate change in Bangladesh
Raza, M. Y., Hasan, M. M., & Chen, Y. (2023) · Energy Strategy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.esr.2023.101088 · Cited by 56
The surprisingly inexpensive cost of state-driven emission control strategies
Peng, W., Iyer, G. C., Binsted, M. T., Marlon, J. R., Clarke, L., Edmonds, J., & Victor, D. G. (2021) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01128-0 · Cited by 57
Policy entrepreneurship in climate governance: Toward a comparative approach
Green, J. (2017) · Environment and Planning C Politics and Space · doi:10.1177/2399654417735905 · Cited by 55
The climate consistency goal and the transformation of global finance
Zamarioli, L. H., Pauw, P., König, M., & Chenet, H. (2021) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01083-w · Cited by 53
Global Governance: Three Futures
Kahler, M. (2018) · International Studies Review · doi:10.1093/isr/viy035 · Cited by 53
Towards a Global Biodiversity Action Agenda
Pattberg, P. H., Widerberg, O. E., & Kok, M. (2019) · Global Policy · doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12669 · Cited by 57
Future cities: moving from technical to human needs
Caprotti, F. (2018) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-018-0089-5 · Cited by 52
City and Subnational Governance
van der Heijden, J. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.006 · Cited by 53
Potential greenhouse gas reductions from Natural Climate Solutions in Oregon, USA
Graves, R. A., Haugo, R. D., Holz, A., Nielsen‐Pincus, M., Jones, A., Kellogg, B., Macdonald, C., Popper, K. J., & Schindel, M. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230424 · Cited by 50
Abbott, K. W. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.012 · Cited by 55
Exploring national and regional orchestration of non-state action for a < 1.5 °C world
Chan, S., Ellinger, P., & Widerberg, O. E. (2018) · International Environmental Agreements Politics Law and Economics · doi:10.1007/s10784-018-9384-2 · Cited by 56
Institutional Accountability of Nonstate Actors in the UNFCCC: Exit, Voice, and Loyalty
Kuyper, J. W., Bäckstrand, K., & Schroeder, H. (2016) · Review of Policy Research · doi:10.1111/ropr.12213 · Cited by 47
Hajer, M. A., & Oomen, J. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780198955382.001.0001 · Cited by 52
Narrating political opportunities: explaining strategic adaptation in the climate movement
de Moor, J., & Wahlström, M. (2019) · Theory and Society · doi:10.1007/s11186-019-09347-3 · Cited by 47
Bhowmik, A. K., McCaffrey, M. S., Ruskey, A., Frischmann, C. J., & Gaffney, O. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab9ed0 · Cited by 53
Marquardt, J., Fast, C., & Grimm, J. (2022) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.791 · Cited by 46
Sotto, D., Philippi, A., Yiğitcanlar, T., & Kamruzzaman, M. (2019) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en12183418 · Cited by 50
The Paris Agreement on Climate Change—Made in USA?
Milkoreit, M. (2019) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s1537592719000951 · Cited by 55
Making the Paris Agreement: Historical Processes and the Drivers of Institutional Design
Allan, J. I., Roger, C., Hale, T. N., Bernstein, S., Tiberghien, Y., & Balme, R. (2021) · Political Studies · doi:10.1177/00323217211049294 · Cited by 53
Self-citationThe International Dimension of the EU Emissions Trading System: Bringing the Pieces Together
Verde, S. F., & Borghesi, S. (2022) · Environmental and Resource Economics · doi:10.1007/s10640-022-00705-x · Cited by 50
A description of four science-based corporate GHG target-setting methods
Faria, P. C. S., & Labutong, N. (2019) · Sustainability Accounting Management and Policy Journal · doi:10.1108/sampj-03-2017-0031 · Cited by 55
Equity and Justice in Polycentric Climate Governance
Okereke, C. (2018) · Governing Climate Change · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.019 · Cited by 43
It’s a Performance, Not an Orchestra! Rethinking Soft Coordination in Global Climate Governance
Aykut, S. C., Schenuit, F., Klenke, J., & D'Amico, E. (2022) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00675 · Cited by 42
Sovacool, B. K., & de Graaf, T. V. (2018) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.03.047 · Cited by 44
Trump’s Paris withdrawal and the reconfiguration of global climate change governance
Betsill, M. M. (2017) · Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment · doi:10.1080/10042857.2017.1343908 · Cited by 42
Case for equity between Paris Climate agreement's Co-benefits and adaptation
Dovie, D. B. K. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.333 · Cited by 40
Remaking Political Institutions: Climate Change and Beyond
Patterson, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108769341 · Cited by 38
The Policy Role of Corporate Carbon Management: Co‐regulating Ecological Effectiveness
Lister, J. (2018) · Global Policy · doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12618 · Cited by 37
Alternative globalities? Climatization processes and the climate movement beyond COPs
de Moor, J. (2020) · International Politics · doi:10.1057/s41311-020-00222-y · Cited by 36
Setzer, J., & Nachmany, M. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108284646.004 · Cited by 38
Private Governance in Developing Countries: Drivers of Voluntary Carbon Offset Programs
Andonova, L. B., & Sun, Y. (2019) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00496 · Cited by 36
Metadata
- Authors
- Hale, T.
- Corresponding author
- Hale, Thomas
- ORCID
- Hale, Thomas
- Venue
- Global Environmental Politics
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 12-22
- ISSN
- 1526-3800 (ISSN-L)
- 1536-0091
- OpenAlex
- W2464875852
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 112.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Global Environmental Politics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › International Environmental Law and Policies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Keywords
- Paris Agreement, subnational climate action, climate governance, climate policy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review