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Television and Voter Turnout*
Open accessAbstract
I use variation across markets in the timing of television's introduction to identify its impact on voter turnout. The estimated effect is significantly negative, accounting for between a quarter and a half of the total decline in turnout since the 1950s. I argue that substitution away from other media with more political coverage provides a plausible mechanism linking television to voting. As evidence for this, I show that the entry of television in a market coincided with sharp drops in consumption of newspapers and radio, and in political knowledge as measured by election surveys. I also show that both the information and turnout effects were largest in off-year congressional elections, which receive extensive coverage in newspapers but little or no coverage on television.
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“it is estimated that the growth of television caused somewhere between 25% and 50% of the total decline in voter turnout from the 1950s through the 1970s (Gentzkow, 2006).”
From Stories in Action. (2022) · cites this paper as Gentzkow, 2006
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Garz, M., & Sörensen, J. (2017) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.07.007 · Cited by 32
“More specifically, several studies investigate the effects of media on elections (e.g., Adena et al., 2015; Besley and Prat, 2006; Chiang and Knight, 2011; DellaVigna et al., 2014; DellaVigna and Kaplan, 2007; Enikolopov et al., 2011; Falck et al., 2014; Gentzkow, 2006; Gentzkow et al., 2011; Larreguy et al., 2015; Ma…”
BackgroundMass media effects on non-governmental organizations
Couttenier, M., & Hatte, S. (2016) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2016.07.001 · Cited by 29
The Causal Effect of Media-Driven Political Interest on Political Attitudes and Behavior
Butler, D. M., & AnaL.DeLa, O. (2011) · doi:10.1561/100.00010041 · Cited by 32
“Similarly, Gentzkow (2006) finds that in the US the increasing use of television in 1950-1970 reduced turnout in House elections.”
BackgroundElection frequency, choice fatigue, and voter turnout
Garmann, S. (2016) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.12.003 · Cited by 41
The political economy of news media: theory, evidence and open issues
Sobbrio, F. (2014) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781781004715.00021 · Cited by 39
“[50] Gentzkow, M.”
Newspaper Reports and Consumer Choice: Evidence from the Do Not Call Registry
Goh, K.-Y., Hui, K.-L., & Png, I. (2011) · Management Sciences · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1110.1392 · Cited by 31
“…et al. 2000; Gentzkow and Shapiro 2006; Xiang and Sarvary 2007; Alsem et al. 2008; Gerber et al. 2009; Schulhofer-Wohl and Garrido 2009), radio and television (Strömberg 2004; Gentzkow 2006; DellaVigna and Kaplan 2007), and multiple media (Kalaitzandonakes et al. 2004; Brown and Minty 2008).”
BackgroundDu, L.-Z., Wei, M., Zhang, S., & Pan, J. (2023) · Resources policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104081 · Cited by 30
Can China railway express improve environmental efficiency? Evidence from China's cities
Hu, S., Wang, A., Du, K.-R., & Si, L. (2023) · Environmental impact assessment review · doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2022.107005 · Cited by 30
Li, P., Tian, Y., Wu, J.-J., & Xu, W.-C. (2021) · doi:10.1108/caer-07-2020-0175 · Cited by 29
Exposure to Chinese imports and media slant: Evidence from 147 U.S. local newspapers over 1998–2012
Lu, Y., Shao, X., & Tao, Z. (2018) · Journal of International Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2018.07.004 · Cited by 33
“…research studies the effect of the media on political issues such as public spending (Stormberg, 2004; Snyder and Stormberg, 2010), voter turnout (Gentzkow, 2006), party voting share (Dellavigna and Kaplan, 2007), and witness appearance in Congressional hearings (Snyder and Stormberg, 2010). and…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Gentzkow, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gentzkow, Matthew
- ORCID
- Gentzkow, Matthew
- Venue
- Quarterly Journal of Economics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-08
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 931-972
- ISSN
- 0033-5533 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-4650
- OpenAlex
- W2133689495
- Cited by
- 842
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 52 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 77.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Quarterly Journal of Economics (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Media Influence and Politics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Sciences › Communication › News Media Framing and Political Communication
- Keywords
- television, voter turnout, media substitution, political coverage, newspaper readership, radio listening, political knowledge, congressional elections, media influence on voters
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