The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Oral Decontamination with Chlorhexidine Reduces the Incidence of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
Abstract
RATIONALE: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequently occurring nosocomial infection associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although oral decontamination with antibiotics reduces incidences of VAP, it is not recommended because of potential selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. We hypothesized that oral decontamination with either chlorhexidine (CHX, 2%) or CHX/colistin (CHX/COL, 2%/2%) would reduce and postpone development of VAP, and oral and endotracheal colonization. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of oral decontamination with CHX or CHX/COL on VAP incidence and time to development of VAP. METHODS: Consecutive patients needing mechanical ventilation for 48 h or more were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with three arms: CHX, CHX/COL, and placebo (PLAC). Trial medication was applied every 6 h into the buccal cavity. Oropharyngeal swabs were obtained daily and quantitatively analyzed for gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Endotracheal colonization was monitored twice weekly. RESULTS: Of 385 patients included, 130 received PLAC, 127 CHX and 128 CHX/COL. Baseline characteristics were comparable. The daily risk of VAP was reduced in both treatment groups compared with PLAC: 65% (hazard ratio [HR]=0.352; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.160, 0. 791; p=0.012) for CHX and 55% (HR=0.454; 95% CI, 0.224, 0. 925; p=0.030) for CHX/COL. CHX/COL provided significant reduction in oropharyngeal colonization with both gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, whereas CHX mostly affected gram-positive microorganisms. Endotracheal colonization was reduced for CHX/COL patients and to a lesser extent for CHX patients. No differences in duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit stay, or intensive care unit survival could be demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Topical oral decontamination with CHX or CHX/COL reduces the incidence of VAP.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Changing Pharyngeal Bacterial Flora of Hospitalized Patients: Emergence of Gram-Negative Bacilli
Johanson, W. G., Pierce, A. K., & Sanford, J. P. (1969) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196911202812101 · Cited by 910
Cited by
Melsen, W. G., Rovers, M. M., Groenwold, R. H., Bergmans, D. C., Camus, C., Bauer, T. T., Hanisch, E. W., Klarin, B., Koeman, M., Krueger, W. A., et al. (2013) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70081-1 · Cited by 854
Self-citationDecontamination of the digestive tract and oropharynx in ICU patients
de Smet, A. M. G. A., Kluytmans, J. A. J. W., Cooper, B. S., Mascini, E. M., Benus, R. F. J., van der Werf, T. S., van der Hoeven, J. G., Pickkers, P., Bogaers-Hofman, D., van der Meer, N. J. M., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0800394 · Cited by 813
Self-citationDaneman, N., Sarwar, S., Fowler, R. A., & Cuthbertson, B. H. (2013) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(12)70322-5 · Cited by 288
Impact of digestive and oropharyngeal decontamination on the intestinal microbiota in ICU patients
Benus, R. F., Harmsen, H. J., Welling, G. W., Spanjersberg, R., Zijlstra, J. G., Degener, J. E., & van der Werf, T. S. (2010) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-010-1826-4 · Cited by 63
de Carvalho Baptista, I. M., Martinho, F. C., Nascimento, G. G., da Rocha Santos, C. E., Prado, R. F. D., & Valera, M. C. (2018) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.09.029 · Cited by 58
Metadata
- Authors
- Koeman, M., van der Ven, A. J. A. M., Hak, E., Joore, H. C. A., Kaasjager, K., de Smet, A. G. A., Ramsay, G., Dormans, T. P. J., Aarts, L. P. H. J., de Bel, E. E., Hustinx, W. N. M., van der Tweel, I., Hoepelman, A. M., & Bonten, M. J. M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-06-15
- Volume
- 173
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1348-1355
- ISSN
- 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-4970
- OpenAlex
- W2117263751
- Cited by
- 414
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 33.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Oral Decontamination with Chlorhexidine Reduces the Incidence of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1164/rccm.200505-820oc
- The paper
- Koeman, M., van der Ven, A. J. A. M., Hak, E., Joore, H. C. A., Kaasjager, K., de Smet, A. G. A., Ramsay, G., Dormans, T. P. J., Aarts, L. P. H. J., de Bel, E. E., Hustinx, W. N. M., van der Tweel, I., Hoepelman, A. M., & Bonten, M. J. M. (2006). Oral Decontamination with Chlorhexidine Reduces the Incidence of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200505-820oc
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
