The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Long-Term Ozone Exposure and Mortality in a Large Prospective Study
Open accessAbstract
RATIONALE: Tropospheric ozone (O3) is potentially associated with cardiovascular disease risk and premature death. Results from long-term epidemiological studies on O3 are scarce and inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we examined associations between chronic ambient O3 exposure and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort of U.S. adults. METHODS: Cancer Prevention Study II participants were enrolled in 1982. A total of 669,046 participants were analyzed, among whom 237,201 deaths occurred through 2004. We obtained estimates of O3 concentrations at the participant's residence from a hierarchical Bayesian space-time model. Estimates of fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of up to 2.5 μm [PM2.5]) and NO2 concentrations were obtained from land use regression. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine mortality associations adjusted for individual- and ecological-level covariates. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In single-pollutant models, we observed significant positive associations between O3, PM2.5, and NO2 concentrations and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In two-pollutant models adjusted for PM2.5, significant positive associations remained between O3 and all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] per 10 ppb, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.04), circulatory (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05), and respiratory mortality (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08-1.16) that were unchanged with further adjustment for NO2. We also observed positive mortality associations with both PM2.5 (both near source and regional) and NO2 in multipollutant models. CONCLUSIONS: Findings derived from this large-scale prospective study suggest that long-term ambient O3 contributes to risk of respiratory and circulatory mortality. Substantial health and environmental benefits may be achieved by implementing further measures aimed at controlling O3 concentrations.
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“Other estimates of relative risk are even smaller; e.g., 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.04) [74] and 1.01 (95% CI 0.9–1.1) [75].”
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“A recent cohort study by Lim et al. further confirmed this association between long-term exposure to ozone and increased cardiovascular mortality (45).”
From Ozone pollution: A Major health hazard worldwide (2019) · cites this paper as [14]
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“warm-season averages have often been used (14, 15), assuming that the health risk associated with lower-level ozone in cold months is negligible.”
From Ozone pollution: A Major health hazard worldwide (2019) · cites this paper as [14]
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Cites
Climate Change 2014 Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability
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Pope, C. A., Burnett, R. T., Thurston, G. D., Thun, M. J., Calle, E. E., Krewski, D., & Godleski, J. J. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000108927.80044.7f · Cited by 2,592 · cited 2×
“02) Diseases of the circulatory system (plus diabetes) (48) 390–459, 250; I00–I99, E10–E14 105,039 1.”
Long-term ozone exposure and mortality
Jerrett, M., Burnett, R. T., Pope, C. A., Ito, K., Thurston, G., Krewski, D., Shi, Y., Calle, E., & Thun, M. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0803894 · Cited by 1,602
Self-citationKrewski, D. R., Jerrett, M., Burnett, R. T., Ma, R., Hughes, E., Shi, Y., Turner, M. C., Pope, C. A., Thurston, G. D., Calle, E. E., et al. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 1,002
Main Air Pollutants and Myocardial Infarction
Mustafić, H., Jabre, P., Caussin, C., Murad, M. H., Escolano, S., Tafflet, M., Perier, M., Marijon, É., Vernerey, D., Empana, J. P., et al. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.126 · Cited by 816
Asthma in exercising children exposed to ozone: a cohort study
McConnell, R., Berhane, K., Gilliland, F., London, S. J., Islam, T., Gauderman, W. J., Avol, E., Margolis, H. G., & Peters, J. M. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07597-9 · Cited by 796
Brauer, M. D., Amann, M. C., Burnett, R. T., Cohen, A., Dentener, F. J., Ezzati, M., Henderson, S. B., Krzyżanowski, M., Martin, R. V., Dingenen, R. V., et al. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es2025752 · Cited by 785
Crouse, D. L., Peters, P. A., Hystad, P., Brook, J. R., van Donkelaar, A., Martin, R. V., Villeneuve, P. J., Jerrett, M., Goldberg, M. S., Pope, C. A., et al. (2015) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1409276 · Cited by 570
Cited by
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Cohen, A. J., Brauer, M., Burnett, R., Anderson, H. R., Frostad, J., Estep, K., Balakrishnan, K., Brunekreef, B., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30505-6 · Cited by 6,583
Global estimates of mortality associated with long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter
Burnett, R., Chen, H., Szyszkowicz, M., Fann, N., Hubbell, B., Pope, C. A., Apte, J. S., Brauer, M., Cohen, A., Weichenthal, S., et al. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1803222115 · Cited by 2,504
Air pollution and mortality in the Medicare population
Di, Q., Wang, Y., Zanobetti, A., Wang, Y., Koutrakis, P., Choirat, C., Dominici, F., & Schwartz, J. D. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1702747 · Cited by 1,510
Severe Surface Ozone Pollution in China: A Global Perspective
Lu, X. H., Hong, J., Zhang, L., Cooper, O. R., Schultz, M. G., Xu, X., Wang, T., Gao, M. C., Zhao, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00366 · Cited by 1,043
Chen, J., & Hoek, G. (2020) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105974 · Cited by 1,042
Metadata
- Authors
- Turner, M. C., Jerrett, M., Pope, C. A., Krewski, D., Gapstur, S. M., Diver, W. R., Beckerman, B. S., Marshall, J. D., Su, J., Crouse, D. L., & Burnett, R. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Brigham Young University (US)
- American Cancer Society (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Department of Sociology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada; and
- Health Canada (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Turner, Michelle C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 193
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1134-1142
- ISSN
- 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-4970
- PMC
- PMC4872664
- OpenAlex
- W2209260785
- Cited by
- 938
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 112 · 2024: 120 · 2023: 129 · 2022: 122 · 2021: 123 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 13
- FWCI
- 23.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Keywords
- tropospheric ozone, all-cause mortality, circulatory disease mortality, respiratory mortality, PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, Cancer Prevention Study II, air quality policy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Death, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ozone, Prospective Studies, Puerto Rico, Risk, Risk Factors, Time, United States, Proportional Hazards Models
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