Double nutri (Liposomal Encapsulation) enhances bioavailability of vitamin C and extends its half-life in plasma
Abstract
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant in the human body that plays a role in many body functions. Liposomal encapsulation is a technology commonly used in food processing and medicine. This study determines whether Double Nutri (liposomal encapsulation) increases the absorption rate for vitamin C supplementation. Subjects enrolled in this study took vitamin C without liposome; then, 14 d washout was given with liposomal process A vitamin C. After 14 d washout, the subjects took liposomal process B vitamin C (Double Nutri) was given. After taking the test sample, the vitamin C concentration in venous blood was measured from the baseline (0 h), 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 h. Eleven healthy subjects were recruited for three tests. The vitamin C concentration for liposomal process B vitamin C (Double Nutri) group is higher (7.26±3.52, p<0.01) than that for the liposomal process A vitamin C group (6.41±3.80, p<0.05) and for vitamin C without liposome (2.21±4.07). This shows that Double Nutri has better bioavailability and can last up in the body to 8 hours. In addition, this study shows that Double Nutri increases the half-life of vitamin C in plasma and has higher bioavailability.
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Conventional ascorbic acid is susceptible to stomach acid, resulting in reduced bioavailability and shorter duration of retention in the blood and in immune cells, including leukocytes.
“However, this conventional form of vitamin C is susceptible to stomach acid, resulting in reduced bioavailability and shorter duration of retention in the blood and in immune cells, including leukocytes [12].”
From Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
Intervention studies on liposomal-encapsulated forms had non-liposomal vitamin C as the comparator.
“Intervention studies on liposomal-encapsulated forms had non-liposomal vitamin C as the comparator [12,36,37].”
From Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
From the NICE checklist quality assessment of thirteen RCTs, ten (77%) showed low risk of bias, two (15%) high risk, and one (8%) unclear risk.
“From the assessment of the methodological quality of thirteen RCTs, ten (77%) showed a low risk of bias [12,16,27,28,29,30,31,32,35,37,38], two (15%) showed a high risk of bias [33,36] and one (8%) showed an unclear risk of bias [34].”
From Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
Out of thirteen analyzed studies, eight (62%) did not report any adverse events for the intervention or comparators.
“Out of the thirteen analyzed studies, eight (62%) did not report any adverse events, either for the intervention or the comparators [12,27,30,31,33,35,36,37].”
From Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
In a crossover trial of 11 participants, plasma vitamin C concentration was higher after liposomal process B vitamin C (Double Nutri®) than after liposomal process A and non-liposomal vitamin C.
“The plasma vitamin C concentration for the liposomal process B vitamin C group was higher (7.26 ± 3.52 μg/mL, p < 0.01) compared to the liposomal process A group (6.41 ± 3.80, p < 0.05) and the non-liposomal vitamin C group (2.21 ± 4.07, p < 0.05).”
From Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
No adverse events occurred during the included liposomal trials.
“No adverse events occurred during the included trials [12,36].”
From Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Wen, C.-J., Chiang, C.-F., Lee, C.-S., Lin, Y.-H., & Tsai, J.-S.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University Hospital (TW)
- TCI (Taiwan) (TW)
- Kainan University (TW)
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- Venue
- Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology
- Publisher
- American Scientific Publishers
- Published
- 2022-03-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 922-927
- ISSN
- 1550-7033 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4283077445
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 1.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
- Keywords
- vitamin C, liposome encapsulation, bioavailability, plasma half-life, vitamin C supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Ascorbic Acid, Biological Availability, Half-Life, Humans, Liposomes, Vitamin B Complex
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