The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Time dilation in dynamic visual display
Open accessAbstract
How does the brain estimate time? This old question has led to many biological and psychological models of time perception (R. A. Block, 1989; P. Fraisse, 1963; J. Gibbon, 1977; D. L. I. Zakay, 1989). Because time cannot be directly measured at a given moment, it has been proposed that the brain estimates time based on the number of changes in an event (S. W. Brown, 1995; P. Fraisse, 1963; W. D. Poynter, 1989). Consistent with this idea, dynamic visual stimuli are known to lengthen perceived time (J. F. Brown, 1931; S. Goldstone & W. T. Lhamon, 1974; W. T. Lhamon & S. Goldstone, 1974, C. O. Z. Roelofs & W. P. C. Zeeman, 1951). However, the kind of information that constitutes the basis for time perception remains unresolved. Here, we show that the temporal frequency of a stimulus serves as the "clock" for perceived duration. Other aspects of changes, such as speed or coherence, were found to be inconsequential. Time dilation saturated at a temporal frequency of 4-8 Hz. These results suggest that the clock governing perceived time has its basis at early processing stages. The possible links between models of time perception and neurophysiological functions of early visual areas are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Scalar expectancy theory and Weber's law in animal timing.
Gibbon, J. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037//0033-295x.84.3.279 · Cited by 2,221
What makes us tick? Functional and neural mechanisms of interval timing
Buhusi, C. V., & Meck, W. H. (2005) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1764 · Cited by 2,062
Stability, precision, and near-24-hour period of the human circadian pacemaker
Czeisler, C. A., Duffy, J. F., Shanahan, T. L., Brown, E. N., Mitchell, J. F., Rimmer, D. W., Ronda, J. M., Silva, E. J., Allan, J. S., Emens, J. S., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.284.5423.2177 · Cited by 1,705 · cited 2×
“…systems to utilize multiple scales of temporal informationVfrom sub-milliseconds (Grothe, 2003) to seconds (Fraisse, 1963; Pöppel, 1988) to days (Czeisler et al., 1999)Vrests upon diverse neural machineries distributed across several brain regions (Buhusi & Meck, 2005; Lewis & Miall, 2003).”
BackgroundTreisman, M. (1963) · Psychological Monographs: General and Applied · doi:10.1037/h0093864 · Cited by 1,474
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VISUAL AREA MT
Born, R. T., & Bradley, D. C. (2005) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131052 · Cited by 1,023 · cited 1×
“Determining the crucial factor is the first step toward linking change-based models of time perception to known neurophysiological and psychophysical properties of visual processing (Born & Bradley, 2005; Parker & Newsome, 1998).”
BackgroundThe neural basis of temporal processing
Mauk, M. D., & Buonomano, D. V. (2004) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144247 · Cited by 976
Lewis, P. A., & Miall, R. C. (2003) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(03)00036-9 · Cited by 836
Fraisse, P. (1963) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 825
SENSE AND THE SINGLE NEURON: Probing the Physiology of Perception
Parker, A. J., & Newsome, W. T. (1998) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.227 · Cited by 801
Cognitive Models of Psychological Time
(2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315807898 · Cited by 622
Cited by
Temporal cognition: Connecting subjective time to perception, attention, and memory.
Matthews, W. J., & Meck, W. H. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000045 · Cited by 384
The Effect of Predictability on Subjective Duration
Pariyadath, V., & Eagleman, D. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001264 · Cited by 277
Is subjective duration a signature of coding efficiency?
Eagleman, D. M., & Pariyadath, V. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0026 · Cited by 254
Balzarotti, S., Cavaletti, F., D'Aloia, A., Colombo, B., Cardani, E., Ciceri, M. R., Antonietti, A., & Eugeni, R. (2021) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12969 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Kanai, R., Paffen, C. L. E., Hogendoorn, H., & Verstraten, F. A. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Vision
- Published
- 2006-12-15
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 8
- ISSN
- 1534-7362 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2120404031
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 3.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Time dilation in dynamic visual display. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1167/6.12.8
- The paper
- Kanai, R., Paffen, C. L. E., Hogendoorn, H., & Verstraten, F. A. J. (2006). Time dilation in dynamic visual display. Journal of Vision. https://doi.org/10.1167/6.12.8
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.