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Cited by 210Diet and metabolism studiesDietary Effects on HealthDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of weight loss

Open access
Hyde, Parker N., Sapper, Teryn N., Crabtree, Christopher D., LaFountain, Richard A., Bowling, Madison L., Buga, Alex, Fell, Brandon, McSwiney, Fionn T., Dickerson, Ryan M., Miller, Vincent J., Scandling, Debbie, Simonetti, Orlando P., Phinney, Stephen D., Kraemer, William J., King, Sarah A., Krauss, Ronald M., Volek, Jeff S.·2019·JCI Insight
DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.128308PMC PMC6629108
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Abstract

BACKGROUNDMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly correlated with obesity and cardiovascular risk, but the importance of dietary carbohydrate independent of weight loss in MetS treatment remains controversial. Here, we test the theory that dietary carbohydrate intolerance (i.e., the inability to process carbohydrate in a healthy manner) rather than obesity per se is a fundamental feature of MetS.METHODSIndividuals who were obese with a diagnosis of MetS were fed three 4-week weight-maintenance diets that were low, moderate, and high in carbohydrate. Protein was constant and fat was exchanged isocalorically for carbohydrate across all diets.RESULTSDespite maintaining body mass, low-carbohydrate (LC) intake enhanced fat oxidation and was more effective in reversing MetS, especially high triglycerides, low HDL-C, and the small LDL subclass phenotype. Carbohydrate restriction also improved abnormal fatty acid composition, an emerging MetS feature. Despite containing 2.5 times more saturated fat than the high-carbohydrate diet, an LC diet decreased plasma total saturated fat and palmitoleate and increased arachidonate.CONCLUSIONConsistent with the perspective that MetS is a pathologic state that manifests as dietary carbohydrate intolerance, these results show that compared with eucaloric high-carbohydrate intake, LC/high-fat diets benefit MetS independent of whole-body or fat mass.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02918422.FUNDINGDairy Management Inc. and the Dutch Dairy Association.

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  1. 10.3945/ajcn.113.069740 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Hyde, P. N., Sapper, T. N., Crabtree, C. D., LaFountain, R. A., Bowling, M. L., Buga, A., Fell, B., McSwiney, F. T., Dickerson, R. M., Miller, V. J., Scandling, D., Simonetti, O. P., Phinney, S. D., Kraemer, W. J., King, S. A., Krauss, R. M., & Volek, J. S.
Affiliations
  • The Ohio State University (US)
  • Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Waterford Institute of Technology (IE)
  • The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (US)
  • Virta Health, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Department of Atherosclerosis Research, Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA.
Corresponding author
Volek, Jeff S.
ORCID
Venue
JCI Insight
Publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published
2019-06-20
Volume
4
Issue
12
ISSN
2379-3708 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1172/jci.insight.128308
PMC
PMC6629108
OpenAlex
W2952929143
Cited by
210
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 8
FWCI
19.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • JCI Insight (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Dairy Management Inc (GRT00036921)
  • Dutch Dairy Association (GRT00036921)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Diet and metabolism studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, carbohydrate restriction, low-carbohydrate diet, weight-maintenance diet, obesity, fat oxidation, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, fatty acid composition, saturated fat, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, carbohydrate intolerance
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid, Weight Loss, Arachidonic Acid, Cross-Over Studies, Metabolic Syndrome

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