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Immune checkpoint inhibitor–associated myocarditis: manifestations and mechanisms
Open accessAbstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of various cancers, including malignancies once considered untreatable. These agents, however, are associated with inflammation and tissue damage in multiple organs. Myocarditis has emerged as a serious ICI-associated toxicity, because, while seemingly infrequent, it is often fulminant and lethal. The underlying basis of ICI-associated myocarditis is not completely understood. While the importance of T cells is clear, the inciting antigens, why they are recognized, and the mechanisms leading to cardiac cell injury remain poorly characterized. These issues underscore the need for basic and clinical studies to define pathogenesis, identify predictive biomarkers, improve diagnostic strategies, and develop effective treatments. An improved understanding of ICI-associated myocarditis will provide insights into the equilibrium between the immune and cardiovascular systems.
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“This discovery suggests a potential involvement of autoreactive T cells targeting α -MyHC in the initiation and progression of other forms of myocarditis.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
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“Recent cases of ICI myocarditis have expanded our insights into the role of α -MyHC-specific T cells in myocarditis development. 41-46”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
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“ICI myocarditis emerges as an infrequent but potentially fatal condition associated with ICI therapies, especially when used in combination”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Moslehi, J., Lichtman, A. H., Sharpe, A. H., Galluzzi, L., & Kitsis, R. N.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2021-03-01
- Volume
- 131
- Issue
- 5
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-8238
- PMC
- PMC7919710
- OpenAlex
- W3134997217
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 181
- Citations by year
- 2026: 60 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 13
- FWCI
- 3.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense (PR191593)
- American Heart Association (18SRG34280018)
- Vanderbilt University
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL131862, R01HL130861, R01HL141466, R01HL138475)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P01AI056299, P01AI039671)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
- Keywords
- immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events, T cell-mediated inflammation, predictive biomarkers, diagnostic approach, cancer immunotherapy toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Humans, Myocarditis, Biomarkers
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